1. Correct exposure
2. Overexposure
3. Underexposure
4. High ISO:
5. Low ISO

Exposure: 1/15 sec at f/4 ISO: 100 Focal: 26mm (Same subject, but different time of day and slightly different settings.)
6. White Balance settings
7. Stopping (freezing) of rapid motion (fast shutter speed)
8. Blurring of rapid motion slow shutter speed)

Exposure: 30.0 sec at f/24.3 ISO: 100 (Not sure if this is the best examples of shutter speed, but I found it interesting how much it looks like a real candle at such a low shutter speed.)

Exposure: 1/800 sec at f/3.5 ISO: 400. Focal: 18mm (This is what the fake candle normally looks like.)
9. Shallow depth of field (wide aperture)
10. Deep depth of field (narrow aperture)
11. Standard Angle
12. Alternative
Other examples/shots along the way:

Exposure: 1/250 sec at f/32 ISO: 25600 Focal: 50mm
(This might have been the noisiest I could get it.)
Camera: Nikon D3300