Imagine, if you will, sitting at a computer terminal with a notebook next to the keyboard. The notebook contains a list of queries required to achieve a specific response from a particular location. The background color of the screen is black with green text. You have no choice in font style, color, or size. Your queries need to be timed properly for the recipient and written concisely.

This was my first experience with the intranet while I was in the US Air Force, stationed at Shaw AFB in Sumter, SC. I was sending a query to Red Flag at Nellis AFB in Las Vegas, NV regarding repairs to a radar transmitter’s power supply.  It was the summer of 1994. While my query looked similar to the above image, it was much more involved. However, these electronic queries removed the need for playing the “tag” game with phone calls across DSN (Defense Switched Network) lines and losing vital information – and time –  in the process.

I never did (and still don’t) consider myself technologically inclined; in fact, I was the typical late 80s/early 90s high school “nerd”. Braces on my teeth (rare in those days), coke bottle glasses, and my freckled nose buried in a book (whether it was studying or leisure reading) was how you’d find me most days. So when my father purchased – and eventually let me use – our first personal home computer (that’s exactly what they called it back then), I was impressed at the thought of it, but didn’t really care to learn about it. I wanted the computer to simply do what I wanted it to, not understand how it did those things. 

“The appearance of any new information technology… provides conditions for major societal change… can take a very long time to occur.” (Landow, 29) I can honestly say that I have seen and experienced this first hand, so it doesn’t truly seem all that long to me. From that Amiga Commodore 2000 home computer to the five-pound laptop I’m using right now, information technology – digital information technology – has evolved greatly. Who could’ve predicted that within less than 50 years of the first personal home computer being sold to individual households, those same households would be able to conduct extensive online research, record and post videos, and communicate with family members across the globe (my mother’s family all live in Germany, by the way) – all without leaving the warmth of the their homes? Nevermind the fact that many of these same things can now be done with our smartphones! 

After leaving the Air Force and obtaining my Bachelor’s in Education, then my Master’s in Literacy, I taught fourth grade for three years in a local public school system. Since then, I’ve moved on to teaching college students. While teaching, I’ve discovered that my students love their electronic devices – smartphones and laptops, specifically – for information retrieval purposes. “The convenience of such information retrieval has increasingly led students and faculty to use such search tools instead of physical libraries.” (Landow, 38) In this regard, I believe that society has lost the “art” of conducting physical research. Wikipedia and Google do not have all the answers, nor are they the best tools for finding them.

As I previously mentioned, I am not technologically inclined, so I was “lost” for quite a bit of Landow’s material regarding hypertext. All of a sudden, I had an epiphany while reading Eyman’s text. His Brooke quote regarding arrangement in describing “links…(as) rhetorical practices of arrangement, attempts to communicate affinities, connections, and relationships” (8). My annotations are quite comical. Scrawled across the margins, I had written “Hypertext = hyperLINK”. I went back to Landow’s work and was able to better understand what I was reading.

I will say that I disagree when I read “resistance to recognizing the role of information technology in culture… particularly information technology, can never have cultural effects.” (Landow, 49) Information technology in our culture, not to mention cultures across the globe, has metamorphosed in such a way that its origins – that is to say, the origins of the original form of the information (before it became digital) – are almost unrecognizable. Society and culture changes; information technology changes with it, whether we like it or not.