Collected References


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Marine Benthic Diversity

Some Useful References contributed by Ron Etter, University of Massachusetts at Boston

Summary Papers

Huston, M. A. 1985. Patterns of species diversity on coral reefs. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 16:149-177.

Petraitis, P. S., R. E. Latham, and R. A. Niesenbaum. 1989. The maintenance of species diversity by disturbance. The Quarterly Review of Biology 64:393-418.

Rex, M. A. 1981. Community structure in the deep-sea benthos. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 12:331.

Snelgrove, P. V. R. and C. A. Butman. 1994. Animal sediment relationships revisited: cause versus effect, pp. 111-177. In A. D. Ansell, R. N. Gibson and M. Barnes (eds.), Oceanography and
Marine Biology, Vol 32. U C L Press Ltd, Univ Coll London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.

Sousa, W. P. 1984. The role of disturbance in natural communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 15:353-391.

Wilson, W. H. 1990. Competition and predation in marine soft-sediment communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 21:221-241.

Wootton, J. T. 1994. The nature and consequences of indirect effects in ecological communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 25:443-466.

Classic Research Papers

Connell, J. H. 1961. Effects of competition predation by Thais lapillus and other factors on natural populations of the barnacle Balanus balanoides. Ecological Monographs 31:61-104.

Dayton, P. K. 1971. Competition disturbance and community organization the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community. Ecological Monographs 41:351-389.

Dayton, P. K. and M. J. Tegner. 1984. Catastrophic storms, El Nino, and patch stability in a Southern California kelp community. Science 324:283-285.

Dayton, P. K. and R. R. Hessler. 1972. Role of biological disturbance in maintaining diversity in the deep sea. Deep Sea Res.19:199-208.

Duffy, J. E. 2006. Biodiversity and the functioning of seagrass ecosystems. Marine Ecology— Progress Series, v. 311, pp. 233–250.

Duarte, C. M. 2000. Marine biodiversity and ecosystem services: An elusive link. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 250, pp. 117–131.

Etter, R. J., and J. F. Grassle. 1992. Patterns of species diversity in the deep sea as a function of sediment particle size diversity. Nature, v. 360, pp. 576–578.

Fager, E.W. 1972. Diversity: a sampling study. Am. Nat. 106:293-310.

Fischer, A. G. 1960. Latitudinal variations in organic diversity. Evolution 14:64-81.

Gray, J. S. 1974. Animal-sediment relationships. Oceanography Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 12:223-261.

Huston, M. 1979. A general hypothesis of species diversity. Am. Nat. 113:81-101.

Johnson, R.G. 1970. Variations in diversity within benthic marine communities. Am. Nat. 104:285-300.

Jumars, P. A. 1976. Deep-sea species diversity. Does it have a characteristic scale? J. Mar. Res. 34:217-246.

Lubchenco, J. L. 1978. Plant species diversity in a marine intertidal community: importance of herbivore food preference and algal competitive abilities. American Naturalist 112:23-39.

Lubchenco, J. L. and B. A. Menge. 1978. Community development and persistence in a low rocky intertidal zone. Ecological Monographs 59:67-94.

Menge, B. A. 1976. Organization of the New England rocky intertidal community role of predation competition and environmental heterogeneity. Ecological Monographs 46:355-393.

Paine, R. T. 1966. Food web complexity and species diversity. American Naturalist 100:65-75.

Paine, R. T. and S. A. Levin. 1981. Intertidal landscapes, disturbance, and the dynamics of pattern. Ecological Monographs51:145-178.

Sanders, H. and R. Hessler. 1969. Ecology of the deep-sea benthos. Science 163:1419-1423.

Sanders, H. L. 1968. Marine benthic diversity: a comparative study. Am. Nat. 102:243-282.

Sousa, W. P. 1979. Disturbance in marine intertidal boulder fields: the nonequilibrium maintenance of species diversity. Ecology 60:1225-1239.

Sutherland, J. 1974. Multiple stable points in natural communities. Am. Nat. 108:859-873.

Witman, J. 1985. Refuges, biological disturbance, and rocky subtidal community structure in New England. Ecological Monographs 55:421-445.

Recent Contributions

Bertness, M. D. and S. D. Hacker. 1994. Physical stress and positive associations among marsh plants. Amer Naturalist 144:363-372.

Buzas, M.A. and Culver. 1994 Species pool and dynamics of marine paleocommunities. Science 264:1439-1441

Cornell, H. V. and R. H. Karlson. 1996. Species richness of reef-building corals determined by local and regional processes. Journal of Animal Ecology 65:233-241.

Dayton, P. K. 1989. Interdecadal variation in an antarctic sponge and its predators from oceanographic climate shifts. Science 245:1484-1486.

Etter, R. J. and J. F. Grassle. 1992. Patterns of species diversity in the deep sea as a function of sediment particle size diversity. Nature 360:576-578.

Fraser, R.H. and D.J. Currie. 1996. The species-energy hypothesis in a system where historical factors are thought to prevail: coral reefs. Am. Nat. 148: 138-159.

Gaines, S. D. and J. Roughgarden. 1987. Fish in offshore kelp forests recruitment to intertidal barnacle populations. Science 235:397-512.

Gee, J. M. and R. M. Warwick. 1996. A study of global biodiversity patterns in the marine motile fauna of hard substrata. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 76:177-184.

Hacker, S.D. and S.D. Gaines. 1997. Community species diversity: revealing the hidden consequences of positive interactions. Ecology

Jackson, J. B. C. 1992. Pleistocene perspectives on coral reef community structure. Am Zool 32:719-731.

Jackson, J. B. C., P. Jung, A. G. Coates and L. S. Collins. 1993. Diversity and extinction of tropical american mollusks and emergence of the isthmus of Panama. Science 260:1624-1626.

Kennett, J. P. and L. D. Stott. 1991. Abrupt Deep-Sea Warming, Palaeoceanographic Changes and Benthic Extinctions at the End of the Palaeocene. Nature 353:225-229.

Kukert, H and C.R. Smith. 1992. Disturbance, colonization and succession in a deep-sea sediment community: artificial-mound experiments. Deep-Sea Research 39: 1349-1371.

Lively, C. M., P. T. Raimondi and L. F. Delph. 1993. Intertidal community structure – space time interactions in the northern gulf of California. Ecology 74:162-173.

Menge, B. A. 1992. Community Regulation – Under What Conditions Are Bottom-Up Factors Important on Rocky Shores. Ecology 73:755-765.

Menge, B. A. and A. M. Olson. 1990. Role of scale and environmental factors in regulation of community structure. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 5:52-57.

Rex, M. A., C. T. Stuart, R. R. Hessler, J. A. Allen, H. L. Sanders and G. D. F. Wilson. 1993. Global-Scale latitudinal patterns of species diversity in the Deep-Sea benthos. Nature 365:636-639.

Wootton, J. T. 1993. Indirect effects and habitat use in an intertidal community – interaction chains and interaction modifications. Am. Nat.141:71-89.

Important Controversy:How many species exist in the marine environment?

Brey, T., M. Klages, C. Dahm, M. Gorny, J. Gutt, S. Hain, M. Stiller, W. E. Arntz, J. W. Wagele and A. Zimmermann. 1994. Antarctic benthic diversity. Nature 368:297.

Grassle, J. F. and N. J. Maciolek. 1992. Deep-sea species richness: regional and local diversity estimate from quantitative bottom samples. American Naturalist 139:313-341.

May, R. M. 1992. Biodiversity – Bottoms Up for the Oceans. Nature 357:278-279.

May, R. M. 1992. How many species inhabit the earth. Sci Am 267:42-48.

Poore, G.C.B. and G.D.F. Wilson. 1993. Marine species richness. Nature 361:597-599.

Rex, M. A., C. T. Stuart, R. R. Hessler, J. A. Allen, H. L. Sanders and G. D. F. Wilson. 1993. Global-Scale latitudinal patterns of species diversity in the Deep-Sea benthos. Nature 365:636-639.

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Marine Microbiomes

Some Useful References

April, A. 2017. Marine animal microbiome: toward understanding host-microbiome interactions in a changing ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2017. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00222

Cleary, F.R. et al. 2019. The sponge microbiome within the greater coral reef microbial metacommunity. Nature Communications. 10, 1644 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09537-8

Cucio, C., Engelen, A.H., Costa, R., Muyzer. 2016. Rhizosphere microbiomes of European seagrasses are selected by the plant, but are not species specific. Frontiers of Microbiology v. 31 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00440

Pita, L., Rix, L., Slaby, B.M. et al. The sponge holobiont in a changing ocean: from microbes to ecosystems. Microbiome 6, 46 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-018-0428-1

Ugarelli, K., Chakrabartim Laas, P., Stingl, U. 2017. The sea grass holobiont and its microbiome. Microorganisms 2017, v.5, 81 https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms5040081

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Bioturbation and Marine Sediments

Some Useful References provided by Douglas C. Miller

Summary papers:

Lopez, G. R. & Levinton, J. S. 2011. Particulate organic detritus and detritus feeders in coastal food webs. Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science v. 6 (eds E. Wolanski & D. S. McLusky), pp. 5-21. Academic Press, Waltham.

Lopez, G.R. and Levinton, J.S. 1987. Ecology of deposit-feeding animals in marine sediments. Quart. Rev. Biol. 62: 235-260.

Lopez, G., Taghon, G., and Levinton, J., Eds. 1989. Ecology of marine deposit feeders. Springer-Verlag. 322 pp.

Nowell, A.R.M. and Jumars, P.A. 1984. Flow environments of aquatic benthos. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 15: 303-328.

Snelgrove, P.V.R. and Butman, C.A. 1994. Animal-sediment relationships revisited: cause versus effect. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 32: 111-177.

Classic research papers:

Aller, R.C. and Dodge, R.E. 1974. Animal-sediment relations in a tropical lagoon Discovery Bay, Jamaica. J. Mar. Res. 32: 755-790.

Brenchley. G.A. 1981. Disturbance and community structure: an experimental study of bioturbation in marine soft-bottom environments. J. Mar. Res. 39: 767-790.

Fager, E.W. 1964. Marine sediments: effect of a tube-building polychaete. Science 143: 356-359.

Gray, J.S. 1974. Animal-sediment relationships. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 12: 223-261.

Hylleberg, J. 1975. Selective feeding by Abarenicola pacifica with note on Abarenicola vagabunda and a concept of gardening in lugworms. Ophelia 14: 113-137.

Meyers, A.C. 1977. Sediment processing in a marine subtidal sandy bottom community. II. Biological consequences. J. Mar. Res. 35: 633-647.

Rhoads, D.C. 1973. The influence of deposit-feeding benthos on water turbidity and nutrient recycling. Am. J. Sci. 273: 1-22.

Rhoads, D.C. 1974. Organism-sediment relations on the muddy sea floor. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 12: 263-300.

Rhoads, D.C. and Young, D.K. 1970. The influence of deposit-feeding organisms on sediment stability and community trophic structure. J. Mar. Res. 28: 150-178.

Sanders, H.L. 1958. Benthic studies of Buzzards Bay. I. Animal-sediment relationships. Limnol. Oceanogr. 3: 245-258.

Recent contributions:

Alongi, D.M. and Christoffersen, P. 1992. Benthic infauna and organism-sediment relations in a shallow, tropical coastal area: influence of outwelled mangrove detritus and physical disturbance. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 81: 229-245.

Karrh, R.R. and Miller, D.C. 1996. Effect of flow and sediment transport on feeding rate of a surface-deposit feeder, Saccoglossus kowalevskii. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 130: 125-134.

Luckenbach, M.W. 1986. Sediment stability around animal tubes: the roles of hydrodynamic processes and biotic activity. Limnol. Oceanogr. 31: 779-789.

Miller, D.C., Bock, M.J., and Turner, E.J. 1992. Deposit and suspension feeding in oscillatory flow and sediment fluxes. J. Mar. Res. 50: 489-520.

Mayer, L.M., Jumars, P.A., Taghon, G.L., Macko, S.A., and Trumbore, S. 1993. Low-density particles as

T., Plante, C.J., Jumars P.A., and Self, R.L. 1995. Bioavailable amino acids in sediments: a biomimetic, kinetics-based approach. Limnol. Oceanogr. 40: 511-520.

Wheatcroft, R.A. 1992. Experimental tests for particle-size dependent bioturbation in the deep ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 37: 90-104

 

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Population Genetics and Speciation in the Sea

Some Useful References contributed by Ron Burton, Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Summary papers:
Avise, J. C. 1994. Molecular markers, natural history, and evolution.

Champion and Hall, New York. 511 pp.
Burton, R.S. 1983. Protein polymorphisms and genetic differentiation of marine invertebrate populations. Mar. Biol. Letters 4:193-206.

Gooch JL 1975. Mechanisms of evolution and population genetics. In: Kinne O (ed) Marine Ecology. Vol. II: Physiological mechanisms. Wiley, London, pp 329-409

Hedgecock, D. 1986. Is gene flow from pelagic larval dispersal important in the adaptation and evolution of marine invertebrates? Bull. Mar. Sci. 39:550-564.

Knowlton, N. 1993. Sibling species in the sea. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 24:189-216.

Levinton, J. S. 1980. Genetic divergence in estuaries. In: Kennedy, V.S. (ed.) Estuarine perspectives. Academic Press, New York. pp. 509-520.

Palumbi, S.R. 1994. Genetic divergence, reproductive isolation, and marine speciation. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 25:547-572

Palumbi, S.R. 1995. Using genetics as an indirect estimator of larval dispersal. In: McEdward LR (ed), Ecology of marine invertebrate larvae. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 369-387

Classic research:
Berger, E. 1973. Gene-enzyme variation in three sympatric species of Littorina. Biol. Bull. 143: 83-90.

Burton, R. S. 1986. Evolutionary consequences of restricted gene flow among natural populations of the copepod, Tigriopus californicus. Bull. Mar. Sci. 39: 526-535.

Johnson, M.S. and R. Black 1982. Chaotic genetic patchiness in an intertidal limpet, Siphonaria sp. Mar Biol 70: 157-164

Johnson, M.S. and R. Black 1984. Pattern beneath the chaos: the effect of recruitment on genetic patchiness in an intertidal limpet. Evolution 38: 1371-1383

Koehn RK, Milkman R, Mitton JB 1976. Population genetics of marine pelecypods. IV. Selection, migration and genetic differentiation in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Evolution 30:2-32

Koehn, R. K., R. I. E. Newell and F. Immerman. 1980. Maintenance of an aminopeptidase allele frequency cline by natural selection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:5385-5389.

Levinton JS, Suchanek TH 1978. Geographic variation, niche breadth and genetic differentiation at different geographic scales in the mussels Mytilus californianus and M.edulis. Mar Biol 49: 363-375

Powers, D. A. and A. R. Place 1978. Biochemical genetics of Fundulus heteroclitus. I. Temporal and spatial variation in gene frequencies of Ldh-B, Mdh-A, Gpi-B and Pgm-A. Biochem. Genet. 16:593-607.

Scheltema, R.S. 1971. Larval dispersal as a means of genetic exchange between geographically separated populations of shallow-water benthic invertebrates. Biol Bull mar biol Lab, Woods Hole 140: 284-322

Waples, R.S. 1987. A multispecies approach to the analysis of gene flow in marine shore fishes. Evolution 41: 385-400

Recent research:
Avise, J. C. 1992. Molecular population structure and the biogeographic history of a regional fauna: a case history with lessons for conservation biology. Oikos 63: 62-76.

Bernardi, G., P. Sordino, and D. A. Powers 1993. Concordant mitochondrial and nuclear DNA phylogenies for populations of the teleost fish Fundulus heteroclitus. PNAS 90:9271-9274.

Burton, R. S. and B.-N. Lee. 1994. Nuclear and mitochondrial gene genealogies and allozyme polymorphism across a major phylogeographic break in the marine copepod Tigriopus californicus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA 91:5197-5201.

Edmands, S., P. Moberg and R.S. Burton 1996. Allozyme and mitochondrial DNA evidence of population subdivision in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Mar. Biol. 126:443-450

Hellberg ME 1994. Relationships between inferred levels of gene flow and geographic distance in a philopatric coral, Balanophyllia elegans. Evolution 48: 1829-1854

Hurst CD, Skibinski DOF 1995. Comparison of allozyme and mitochondrial DNA spatial differentiation in the limpet Patella vulgata. Mar Biol 122:257-263

Johannesson K, Johannesson J, Lundgren U 1995. Strong natural selection causes microscale allozyme variation in a marine snail. Proc natn Acad Sci USA 92: 2602-2606

Karl, S. A. and J. C. Avise. 1992. Balancing selection at allozyme loci in oysters: implications from nuclear RFLPs. Science 256:100-102.

Kordos, L. M. and R. S. Burton. 1993. Genetic differentiation of Texas Gulf Coast populations of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus. Mar. Biol. 117:227-233.

Lessios, H. A., J. R. Weinberg, and V. R. Starczak, 1994. Temporal variation in populations of the marine isopod Exocirolana: how stable are gene frequencies and morphology. Evolution, Vol. 48, pp. 549-563.

Lewis RI, Thorpe JP 1994. Temporal stability of gene frequencies within genetically heterogeneous populations of the queen scallop Aequipectin (Chlamys) opercularis. Mar Biol 121: 117-126

Knowlton N, Weigt LA, SolÛranzo LA, Mills DK, Bermingham E 1993. Divergence in proteins, mitochondrial DNA, and reproductive compatibility across the isthmus of Panama. Science 260: 1629-1632

Reeb CA, Avise JC 1990. A genetic discontinuity in a continuously distributed species: mitochondrial DNA in the American oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Genetics 124: 397-406

Watts, R.J., M.S. Johnson, and R. Black. 1990. Effects of recruitment on genetic patchiness in the urchin Echinometra mathaei in Western Australia. Mar. Biol. 105: 145-151.

 

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Marine Chemical Ecology

Some Useful References Provided by Mark Hay, Institute of Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Thanks also to Brian Penney)

RECENT REVIEWS

Avila, C. 1995. Natural products of opisthobranch molluscs: A biological review. Oceanogr and Mar Biol Ann Rev 33: 487-559.

Hay, M.E. 1996. Marine chemical ecology: What is known and what is next? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (in press).

Hay, M. E. and W. Fenical, 1996. Chemical ecology and marine biodiversity: insights and products from the sea. Oceanography 9: 10-20. .

Hay, M. E. and P. D. Steinberg, 1992. The chemical ecology of plant-herbivore interactions in marine versus terrestrial communities. In, Herbivores: their interaction with secondary metabolites, evolutionary and ecological processes, edited by J.A. Rosenthal and M.R. Berenbaum, Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 371-413.

Hay, M. E. 1992, Seaweed chemical defenses: their role in the evolution of feeding specialization and in mediating complex interactions. In, Ecological roles for marine secondary metabolites; explorations in chemical ecology series, edited by V. J. Paul, Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, pp. 93-118.

Hay, M. E. and W. Fenical, 1988. Marine plant-herbivore interactions: the ecology of chemical defense. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., Vol. 19, pp. 111-145.

McClintock, J. B, 1994. An overview of the chemical ecology of Antarctic marine invertebrates, the Ireland lecture 1993. The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 24 pp.

McClintock, J.B. and B.J. Baker. 1997. A review of the chemical ecology ofAntarctic marine invertebrates. Amer. Zool. 37(4): 329-342.

Paul, V. J., 1992. Ecological roles of marine natural products. Comstock, Ithaca, NY 245 pp.

Pawlik, J. R., 1992. Chemical ecology of the settlement of benthic marine invertebrates. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev., Vol. 30, pp. 273-335.

Pawlik, J. R., 1993. Marine invertebrate chemical defenses. Chem. Rev., Vol. 93, pp. 1911-1922.

Steinberg, P. D., 1992. Geographical variation in the interaction between marine herbivores and brown algal secondary metabolites. In, Ecological Roles for Marine Secondary Metabolites, edited by V. J. Paul, Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, pp. 51-92.

PRIMARY LITERATURE

Boettcher, A. A. and N. M. Targett, 1993. Role of polyphenolic molecular size in reduction of assimilation efficiency in Xiphister mucosus. Ecology, Vol. 74, pp. 891-903.

Bolser, R. C. and M. E. Hay (in press) Are tropical plants better defended? Palatability and defenses of temperate versus tropical seaweeds. Ecology.

Cronin, G. and M.E. Hay. 1996. Effects of light and nutrient availability on the growth, secondary chemistry, and resistance to herbivory of two brown seaweeds. Oikos (in press)

Cronin, G. and M.E. Hay. 1996. Susceptibility to herbivores depends on recent history of both the plant and animal. Ecology 77: 1531-1543.

Cronin, G. and M.E. Hay. 1996. Within-plant variation in seaweed palatability and chemical defenses: Optimal defense theory versus the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis. Oecologia 105:361-368.

Cronin, G. and M. E. Hay, (in press) Amphipod grazing and induction of seaweed chemical defenses. Ecology.

Duffy, J. E. and M. E. Hay, 1994. Herbivore resistance to seaweed chemical defense: the roles of mobility and predation risk. Ecology 75: 1304-1319.

Estes, J. A. and P. D. Steinberg, 1988. Predation, herbivory, and kelp evolution. Paleobiology, Vol. 14, pp. 19-36.

Fenical, W., 1993. Chemical studies of marine bacteria: developing a new resource. Chem. Rev., Vol. 93, pp. 1673-1683.

Gil-Turnes, M. S., M. E. Hay and W. Fenical, 1989. Symbiotic marine bacteria chemically defend crustacean embryos from a pathogenic fungus. Science, Vol. 246, pp. 116-118.

Hay, M. E., 1991b. Marine-terrestrial contrasts in the ecology of plant chemical defenses against herbivores. TREE, Vol. 6, pp. 362-365.

Hay, M. E., J. E. Duffy, C. A. Pfister and W. Fenical, 1987. Chemical defenses against different marine herbivores: are amphipods insect equivalents? Ecology, Vol. 68, pp. 1567-1580.

Hay, M. E., V. J. Paul, S. M. Lewis, K. Gustafson, J. Tucker and R. N. Trindell, 1988. Can tropical seaweeds reduce herbivory by growing at night? diel patterns of growth, nitrogen content, herbivory, and chemical versus morphological defenses. Oecologia, Vol. 75, pp. 233-245.

Hay, M. E., J. E. Duffy and W. Fenical, 1990. Host-plant specialization decreases predation on a marine amphipod: an herbivore in plant’s clothing. Ecology, Vol. 71, pp. 733-743.

Hay, M. E., Q. E. Kappel and W. Fenical, 1994. Synergisms in plant defenses against herbivores: interactions of chemistry, calcification, and plant quality. Ecology, Vol. 75, pp. 1714-1726.

Kvitek, R. G., A. R. DeGange and M. K. Beitler, 1991. Paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins mediate feeding behavior of sea otters. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 36, pp. 393-404.

Lindquist, N. and M. E. Hay, 1995. Can small rare prey be chemically defended? the case for marine larvae. Ecology, Vol. 76, pp. 1347-1358.

Lindquist, N. and M. E. Hay, (in press) Palatability and chemical defense of marine invertebrate larvae. Ecological Monographs

Lindquist, N. L., M.E. Hay and W. Fenical, 1992. Chemical defense of ascidians and their conspicuous larvae. Ecol. Monogr., Vol. 62, pp. 547-568.

McClintock, J. B. and J. Janssen, 1990. Pteropod abduction as a chemical defense in a pelagic antarctic amphipod. Nature, Vol. 346, pp. 462-464.

Meyer, K. D. and V. J. Paul, 1995. Variation in secondary metabolite and aragonite concentrations in the tropical green seaweed Neomeris annulata: effects on herbivory by fishes. Mar. Biol., Vol. 122, pp. 537-545.

Paul, V. J. and W. Fenical, 1986. Chemical defense in tropical green algae, order Caulerpales. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 34, pp. 255-264.

Paul, V. J. and K. L. Van Alstyne, 1988. Chemical defense and chemical variation in some tropical Pacific species of Halimeda (Halimedaceae; Chlorophyta). Coral Reefs, Vol. 6, pp. 263-270.

Paul, V. J. and K. L. Van Alstyne, 1992. Activation of chemical defenses in the tropical green algae Halimeda spp. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 160, pp. 191-203.

Pawlik, J. R., M.T. Burch and W. Fenical, 1987. Patterns of chemical defenses among Caribbean gorgonian corals: a preliminary survey. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 108, pp. 55-66.

Pawlik, J. R., B. Chanas, R.J. Toonen and W. Fenical, 1995. Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. I. chemical deterrency. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 127, pp. 183-194.

Pennings, S. C. and V. J. Paul, 1992. Effect of plant toughness, calcification, and chemistry on herbivory by Dolabella auricularia. Ecology, Vol. 3, pp. 1606-1619.

Schmitt, T. M., M. E. Hay and N. Lindquist, 1995. Constraints on chemically mediated coevolution: multiple functions of seaweed secondary metabolites. Ecology, Vol. 6, pp. 107-123.

Stachowicz, J.J. and M.E. Hay. 1996. Facultative mutualism between an herbivorous crab and its coralline algal host: advantages of eating noxious seaweeds. Oecologia 105:377-387.

Steinberg, P.D., J.A. Estes and F.C. Winter, 1995. Evolutionary consequences of food chain length in kelp forest communities. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 92, pp. 8145-8148.

Steinberg, P. D. and I.A. Van Altena, 1992. Tolerance of marine invertebrate herbivores to brown algal phlorotannins in temperate Australasia. Ecol. Monogr., Vol. 62, pp. 189-222.

Schupp, P. J. and V. J. Paul, 1994. Calcification and secondary metabolites in tropical seaweeds: variable effects on herbivorous fishes. Ecology, Vol. 75, pp. 1172-1185.

Targett, N. M., L. D. Coen, A. A. Boettcher and C. E. Tanner, 1992. Biogeographic comparisons of marine algal polyphenolics: evidence against a latitudinal trend. Oecologia, Vol. 89, pp. 464-470.

Van Alstyne, K. L., 1988. Herbivore grazing increases polyphenolic defenses in the intertidal brown alga Fucus distichus. Ecology, Vol. 69, pp. 655-663.

Van Alstyne, K. L. and V. J. Paul, 1990. The biogeography of polyphenolic compounds in marine macroalgae: temperate brown algal defenses deter feeding by tropical herbivorous fishes. Oecologia, Vol. 84, pp. 158-163.

Zimmer-Faust, R. K., C.M. Finelli, N.D. Pentcheff and D.S. Wethey, 1995. Odor plumes and animal navigation in turbulent water flow: a field study. Biol. Bull., Vol. 188, pp. 111-116.

Zimmer-Faust, R. K., P.B. O’Neill and D.W. Schar, 1996a. The relationship between predator activity state and sensitivity to prey odors. Biol. Bull., Vol. 190: in press.

Zimmer-Faust, R. K., M.P. de Souza and D.C. Yock, 1996b. Bacterial chemotaxis and its potential role in marine dimethylsulfide production and biogeochemical sulphur cycling. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 41, (in press).

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Coral Disease References

Some Useful References compiled by HARVELL AND KIM, Cornell University, Section of Ecology and Systematics, Ithaca NY 14853)

Antonius A. 1981. The “band” diseases in coral reefs. Proc 6th Int Coral Reef Symp 2: 7-14.

Antonius, A. 1985. Coral disease in the Indo-Pacific: A first record. PSZNI Mar Ecol 6:197-218.

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Coral Reproduction

Some Useful References contributed by Robert Richmond, University of Guam

Atkinson, S. and M.J. Atkinson 1992. Detection of estradiol-17 during a mass coral spawn. Coral Reefs 11:33-35.

Babcock, R.C. 1988a. Fine-scale spatial and temporal patterns incoral settlement. Proc. 6th Internat. Coral Reef Symp., Townsville 2: 635-639

Babcock, R.C. 1988b. Age-structure, survivorship, and fecundity in populations of massive corals. Proc. 6th Internat. Coral Reef Symp., Townsville 2: 625-633

Birkeland, C. 1977. The importance of rate of biomass accumulation in early successional stages of benthic communities to the survival of coral recruits. Proc. Third Internat. Coral Reef Symp., Miami 1. Biology:15-21

Cairns, Jr., J., K.L. Dickson and A.W. Maki. 1978. Estimating the Hazard of Chemical Substances to Aquatic Life. ASTM, Philadelphia

Chapman, G.A. 1995. Sea urchin sperm cell test. Chap. 6, pp. 189-205 In G.M. Rand (ed.), Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate, and Risk Assessment, (second edition). Taylor and Francis, Publishers, Washington D.C.

Chornesky, E.A. and E.C. Peters. 1987. Sexual reproduction and colony growth in the scleractinian coral Porites astreoides. Biol. Bull. 172:161-177.

Coll, J.C., B.F. Bowden, P.M. Alino, A. Heaton, G.M. Konig, R. De Nys, and R. Willis. 1989. Chemically mediated interactions between marine organisms. Chemica Scripta 29:383-388.

Coll, J.C., B.F. Bowden, and M.N. Clayton. 1990. Chemistry and coral reproduction. Chemistry in Britain, August 1990:761-763.

Coll, J.C., B.F. Bowden, G.V. Meehan, G.M. Konig, A.R. Carroll, D.M. Tapiolas, P.M. Alino, A. Heaton, R. De Nys, P.A. Leone, M. Maida, T.L. Aceret, R.H. Willis, R.C.Babcock, B.L. Willis, Z. Florian, M.N. Clayton, R.L. Miller. 1994. Chemical aspects of mass spawning in corals. I. Sperm-attractant molecules in the eggs of the scleractinian coral Montipora digitata. Mar. Biol. 118:177-182.

Connell, D.W., and G.J. Miller. 1984. Chemistry and Ecotoxicology of Pollution. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 444 pp.

Fadlallah, Y. 1983. Sexual reproduction, development and larval biology in scleractinian corals. A Review. Coral Reefs 2:129-150

Fukami, H., A. F. Budd, D. R. Levitan, J. A. Jara, R. Kersanach, and N. Knowlton. 2004. Geographic differences in species boundaries among members of the Montastraea annularis complex based on molecular and morphological markers. Evolution, v. 58, pp. 324–337.

Glynn, P.W., N.J. Gassman, C.M. Eakin, J. Cortes, D.B. Smith, and H. Guzman. 1991. Reef coral reproduction in the eastern Pacific: Costa Rica, Panama, and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) I. Pocilloporidae. Mar. Biol. 109:355-368

Guzman, H.M., and I. Holst. 1993. Effects of chronic oil-sediment pollution on the reproduction of the Caribbean coral Siderastrea siderea. Mar. Poll. Bull. 26:276-282

Hadfield, M.G., and J.T. Pennington. 1990. Nature of the metamorphic signal and its internal transduction in larvae of the nudibranch Phestilla sibogae. Bull. Mar. Sci.46:455-465.

Harriot, V.J. 1983. Reproductive ecology of four scleractinian species at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 2:9-18.

Harrison, P.L., R.C. Babcock, G.D. Bull, J.K. Oliver, C.C.Wallace, and B.L. Willis. 1984. Mass spawning in tropical reef corals. Science 223:1186-1189

Harrison, P.L., and C.C. Wallace. 1990. Coral reproduction. In Z. Dubinsky (ed.), Ecosystems of the World: Coral Reefs, pp. 133-208. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.,Amsterdam.

Harrison, R.G. 1990. Hybrid zones: windows on evolutionary process, pp. 69-118 In D. Futuyma and J. Antonovics (eds.), Oxford Surveys in Evolutionary Biology, Vol. 7. Oxford University Press, N.Y.

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Heyward, A.J., and R. Babcock. 1986. Self- and cross fertilization in scleractinian corals. Mar. Biol. 90:191-195

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Krupp, D.A., P.L. Jokiel and T.S. Chartrand. 1993. Asexual reproduction by the solitary scleractinian coral Fungia scutaria on dead parent coralla in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands. Proc. 7th Intl. Coral Reef Symp. Guam. vol. 1:527-534.

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Oliver, J.K., R.C. Babcock, P.L. Harrison, and B.L. Willis. 1988. Geographical extent of mass coral spawning: clues to ultimate causal factors. Proc. 6th Intl. Coral Reef Symp. Townsville, 2: 803-810.

Richmond, R. H. 1985. Reversible metamorphosis in coral planula larvae. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 22:181-185

Richmond, R.H. 1987. Energetics, competency, and long-distance dispersal of planula larvae of the coral Pocillopora damicornis. Mar. Biol. 93:527-533

Richmond, R.H. 1988. Competency and dispersal potential of planula larvae of a spawning versus a brooding coral. Proc. 6th Intl. Coral Reef Symposium, Townsville, Australia. 2:827- 831.

Richmond, R.H. 1990. Relationships among reproductive mode, biogeographic distribution patterns and evolution in scleractinian corals. Advances in Invertebrate Reproduction, 5. Elsevier Biomedical Press. pp 237-243.

Richmond, R.H. 1993a. Fertilization in corals:Puzzles and problems. In R.H. Richmond (ed.), Proceedings 7th International Coral Reef Symposium. Guam.

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Richmond, R.H. 1994. Effects of coastal runoff on coral reproduction. pp. 360-364 In Proc. Colloq. On Global Aspects of Coral Reefs, R.N. Ginsburg (ed.) University of Miami.

Richmond, R.H. 1995. Hybridization as an evolutionary force in mass-spawning scleractinian corals. J. of Cellular Biochem. 19B:341.

Richmond, R.H. and C.L. Hunter 1990. Reproduction and Recruitment of Corals: Comparisons Among the Caribbean, the Tropical Pacific, and the Red Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 60:185-203.

Richmond, R.H. and P.L. Jokiel. 1984. Lunar periodicity in larva release in the reef coral Pocillopora damicornis at Enewetak and Hawaii. Bull. Mar. Sci. 34, 280-287.

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Rinkevich, B. and Y. Loya 1979a. The reproduction of the Red Sea coral Stylophora pistillata. I. Gonads and planulae. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 1:133-144.

Rinkevich, B. And Y. Loya 1979b. The reproduction of the Red Sea coral Stylophora pistillata. II. Synchronization in breeding and seasonality of planula shedding. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 1:145-152.

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Szmant-Froelich, A.M. 1985. The effect of colony size on the reproductive ability of the Caribbean coral Montastrea annularis (Ellis and Solander). Proc. 5th Internat. Coral Reef Congr., Tahiti 4: 295-300

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Tomascik, T. 1991. Settlement patterns of Caribbean scleractinian corals on artificial substrata along a eutrophication gradient, Barbados, West Indies. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 77:261-269.

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Uehara, T., H. Hidenori, and Y. Arakaki. 1990. Fertilization blockage and hybridization among species of sea urchins, pp. 305-310. In M. Hoshi and O. Yamashita (eds.), Advances in Invertebrate Reproduction 5. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam.

Wallace, C.C. 1985. Seasonal peaks and annual fluctuation in recruitment of juvenile scleractinian corals. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 21: 289-298

Ward, S. 1992. Evidence for broadcast spawning as well as brooding in the scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis. Mar. Biol. 112, 641-646.

Williams, D. McB., E. Wolanski, and J.C. Andrews. 1984. Transport mechanisms and the potential movement of planktonic larvae in the central region of the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 3:229-236

Willis, B.L., R.C. Babcock, P.L. Harrison, and C.C. Wallace. 1993. Experimental evidence of hybridization in reef corals involved in mass spawning events. In R.H. Richmond (ed.), Proceedings 7th International Coral Reef Symposium. Guam.

 

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Counter Gradient Selection and Latitudinal Aspects of Physiological Variation

Some Useful References

Berven, K. A., and D. E. Gill. 1983. Interpreting geographic variation in life-history traits. Amer. Zool., 23.

Berven, K. A., D. E. Gill, and S. J. Smith-Gill. 1979. Countergradient selection inthe Green Frog, Rana clamitans. Evolution, 33:609-623.

Boehlert, G. W., and R. F. Kappenman. 1980. Variation of growth with latitude in two species of rockfish (Sebastes pinniger and S. diploproa) from the northeast Pacific Ocean. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 3:1-10.

Brown, J. J., A. Ehtisham, and D. O. Conover. 1998. Variation in larval growth rate among striped bass stocks from different latitudes. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc., 127:598-610.

Conover, D. O. 1992. Seasonality and the scheduling of life history at different latitudes. J. Fish Biol., 41B:161-178.

Conover, D. O., and T. M. C. Present. 1990. Countergradient variation in growth rate: compensation for length of the growing season among Atlantic silversides from different latitudes. Oecologia, 83:316-324.

Conover, D. O., and E. T. Schultz. 1995. Phenotypic similarity and the evolutionary significance of countergradient selection. TREE, 10:248-252.

Dehnel, P. A. 1955. Rates of growth of gastropods as a function of latitude. Physiol. Zool., 28:115-144.

Garland, T., and S. C. Adolph. 1991. Physiological differentiation of vertebrate populations. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 22:193-228.

Glebe, B. D., and W. C. Leggett. 1981. Latitudinal differences in energy allocation and use during the freshwater migrations of American Shad (Alosa sapidissima)and their life history consequences. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 38:806-820.

Lankford, T.E., Jr., Billerbeck, J.M., Conover, D.O. 2001. Evolution of intrinsic growth and energy acquisition rates.II. Trade-offs with vulnerability to predation in Menida menida. Evolution 55: 1873-1881.

Levinton, J. S. 1983. The latitudinal compensation hypothesis: growth data and a model of latitudinal growth differentiation based upon energy budgets. I.Interspecific comparison of Ophryotrocha (Polychaeta:Dorvilleidae). Biol. Bull., 165:686-698.

Levinton, J. S., and R. K. Monahan. 1983. The latitudinal compensation hypothesis:growth data and a model of latitudinal growth differentiation based upon energybudgets. II. Intraspecific comparisons between subspecies of Ophryotrocha puerilis (Polychaeta: Dorvilleidae). Biol. Bull., 165:699-707.

Lonsdale, D. J., and J. S. Levinton. 1985a. Latitudinal differentiation in copepod growth: an adaptation to temperature. Ecology, 66:1397-1407.

Lonsdale, D. J., and J. S. Levinton. 1985b. Latitudinal differentiation in embryonic duration, egg size, and newborn survival in a harpacticoid copepod. Biol. Bull., 168:419-431.

Lonsdale, D. J., and J. S. Levinton. 1989. Energy budget differentiation among latitudinally separated Scottolana canadensis (Copepoda:Harpacticoida). Limnol. Oceanogr., ;:324-331.

Lonsdale, D. J., J. S. Levinton, and S. Rosen. 1988. Reproductive compatibility among latitudinally separated Coullana canadensis (Willey) (Copepoda:Harpacticoida) and the role of body size. Hydrobiologia, 167/168:469-476.

Present, T. M. C., and D. O. Conover. 1992. Physiological basis of latitudinal growth differences in Menidia menidia: variation in consumption efficiency. Funct. Ecol., 6:23-31.

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Schultz, E. T., and D. O. Conover. 1997. Latitudinal differences in somatic energy storage: Adaptive responses to seasonality in an estuarine fish (Atherinidae: Menidia menidia). Oecologia, 109:516-529.

Schultz, E. T., K. E. Reynolds, and D. O. Conover. 1996. Countergradient variation in growth among newly hatched Fundulus heteroclitus: Geographic differences revealed by common-environment experiments. Funct. Ecol., 10:366-374.

Stauber, L. A. 1950. The problem of physiological species with special reference to oysters. Ecology, 31:109-118.

Thompson, J. D. 1991. Phenotypic plasticity as a component of evolutionary change. Trends Ecol. Evol., 6:246-249.

Thompson, R. J., and R. I. E. Newell. 1984. Physiological responses to temperature in two latitudinally separated populations of the mussel, Mytilus edulis. In P. E. Gibbs (ed.), Proceedings of the Nineteenth European Marine Biology Symposium, pp. 481-495. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.

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Distrubances and Multiple Stable States in Marine Systems

Some Useful References compiled by Jeffrey Levinton

Carroll, M.L., Highsmith, R.C. 1996. Role of catastrophic disturbance in mediating Nucella-Mytilus interactions in the Alaskan rocky intertidal. Marine Ecology Progress Series 138: 125-133.

Connell, J.H. 1979. Intermediate-disturbance hypothesis. Science 204:1344-1345.

Cronin, T M., Raymo, M E. 1997. Orbital forcing of deep-sea benthic species diversity. Nature 385: 624-627.

Dayton, P.K. 1971. Competition, disturbance and community organization: the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community. Ecological Monographs 41:351-389.

Denny, M. 1995. Predicting physical disturbance: Mechanistic approaches to the study of survivorship on wave-swept shores. Ecological Monographs 65:371-418.

Ebeling, A.W., Laur, D.R., Rowley, R.J. 1985. Severe storm disturbances and reversal of community structure in a southern California kelp forest. Marine Biology 84: 287-294

Hall, S.J. 1994. Physical disturbance and marine benthic communities: life in unconsolidated sediments. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Reviews 32: 179-239.

Hughes, T.P. 1994. Catastrophes, phase shifts, and large-scale degradation of a Caribbean coral reef. Science 265: 1547-1551.

Knowlton, N. 1992. Thresholds and multiple stable states in coral reef community dynamics. Amer. Zool. 32:673-682.

McCook, L.J., Chapman, A.R.O. 1997. Patterns and variations in natural succession following massive ice-scour of a rocky intertidal seashore. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 214: 121-147.

Petraitis, P.S., Latham, R.E., Niesenbaum, R.A.. 1989. The maintenance of species diversity by disturbance. Quarterly Review of Biology 64: 393-418

Petraitis, P. S., and S. R. Dudgeon. 1999. Experimental evidence for the origin of alternative communities on rocky intertidal shores. Oikos, v. 84, pp. 39–45.

Petraitis, P. 2013. Multiple Stable States in Natural Ecosystems. Oxford University Press, New York.

Sousa, W.P. 1979. Disturbance in marine intertidal boulder fields: The non-equilibrium maintenance of species diversity. Ecology 60:1225-1239.

Sutherland, J.P. 1974. Multiple stable points in natural populations. American Naturalist 108: 859-873.

J. E. Tanner, T. P. Hughes, J. H. Connell. 1994. Species coexistence, keystone species, and succession: a sensitivity analysis. Ecology 75: 2204-2219.

Underwood, A.J., Skilleter, G.A. 1996. Effects of patch-size on the structure of assemblages in rock pools. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 197:63-90.

Woodin, S.A. 1978. Refuges, disturbance, and community structure: a marinesoft-bottom example. Ecology 59:274-284.

 

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DNA Probes and Marine Microbiology

Some Useful References provided by Jed Fuhrman, University of Southern California

Summary Papers

Amann, R. I., Ludwig, W., & Schleifer, K.-H. (1995). Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual cells without cultivation. Microb. Rev., 59, 143-169.

Fuhrman, J. A., Lee, S. H., Masuchi, Y., Davis, A. A., & Wilcox, R. M. (1994). Characterization of marine prokaryotic communities via DNA and RNA. Microbial Ecology, 28, 133-145.

Giovannoni, S., & Cary, S. C. (1993). Probing marine systems with ribosomal RNAs. Oceanography, 6, 95-104.

Olsen, G. J., Lane, D. L., Giovannoni, S. J., & Pace, N. R. (1986). Microbial ecology and evolution: A ribosomal RNA approach. Ann. Rev. Microbiol., 40, 337-365.

Pace, N. R., Stahl, D. A., Lane, D. L., & Olsen, G. J. (1986). The analysis of natural microbial populations by rRNA sequences. Adv. Microbiol. Ecol., 9, 1-55.

Recent significant papers (there are no old classics)

Amann, R. I., Krumholz, L., & Stahl, D. A. (1990). Fluorescent oligodeoxynucleotide probing of whole cells for determinative, phylogenetic and environmental studies in microbiology. J. Bact., 172,
762-770.

Britschgi, T., & Giovannoni, S. J. (1991). Phylogenetic analysis of a natural marine bacterioplankton population by rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 57, 1707-1713.

DeLong, E. F. (1992). Archaea in coastal marine environments. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 89, 5685-5689.

Fuhrman, J. A., McCallum, K., & Davis, A. A. (1992). Novel major archaebacterial group from marine plankton. Nature, 356, 148-149.

Fuhrman, J. A., McCallum, K., & Davis, A. A. (1993). Phylogenetic diversity of marine subsurface microbial communities from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59(5), 1294-1302.

Hicks, R. E., Amann, R. I., & Stahl, D. A. (1992). Dual staining of natural bacterioplankton with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and fluorescent oligonucleotide probes targeting kingdom-level 16S rRNA sequences. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 58, 2158-2163.

Hofle, M. G. (1992). Bacterioplankton community structure and dynamics after large-scale release of nonindigenous bacteria as revealed by low-molecular-weight-RNA analysis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 58, 3387-3394.

Muyzer, G., Waal, E. D. d., & Uitterlinden, A. G. (1993). Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59, 695-700.

Schmidt, T. M., DeLong, E. F., & Pace, N. R. (1991). Analysis of a Marine Picoplankton Community by 16S rRNA Gene Cloning and Sequencing. J. Bacteriol., 173, 4371-4378.

Voytek, M. A., & Ward, B. B. (1995). Detection of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria of the beta subclass of the class Proteobacteria in aquatic samples with PCR. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 1444-1450.

Papers relating to potential problems or controversies

Liesack, W., Weyland, H., & Stackebrandt, E. (1991). Potential risks of gene amplification by PCR as determined by 16S rDNA analysis of a mixed-culture of strict barophilic bacteria. Microb. Ecol., 21, 191-198.

Rehnstam, A. S., Backman, S., Smith, D. C., Azam, F., & Hagstrom, A. (1993). Bloom of sequence-specific culturable bacteria in the sea. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 102, 161-166.

Suzuki, M. T., & Giovannoni, S. J. (1996). Bias Caused by Template Annealing in the Amplification of Mixtures of 16s rRNA Genes by PCR. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62(2), 625-630.

 

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Larval Dispersal of Estuarine Invertebrates

Some Useful References compiled by Jean Anastasia, State University of New York at Stony Brook

Summary Papers:

Epifanio, C. E. 1988. Transport of invertebrate larvae between estuaries and the continental shelf. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. Ser. 3: 104-114.

Forward, R. B., Jr. 1988. Diel vertical migration: zooplankton photobiology and behaviour. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 26: 361-393.

Scheltema, R. S. 1986. On dispersal and planktonic larvae of benthic invertebrates: an eclectic overview and summary of problems. Bull. Mar. Sci. 39: 290-322.

Stancyk, A. L. and R. J. Feller. 1986. Transport of non-decapod invertebrate larvae in estuaries: an overview. Bull. Mar. Sci. 39: 257-268.

Sulkin, S. D. 1984. Behavioural basis of depth regulation in the larvae of brachyuran crabs. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 15: 181-205.

Classic papers:

Boicourt, W. C. 1982. Estuarine larval retention mechanisms on two scales. In: Estuarine Comparisons, V. Kennedy (ed), Academic Press, NY, pp. 445-457.

Bousfield, E. L. 1955. Ecological control of the occurrence of barnacles in the Miramichi estuary. Natl. Mus. Can. Bull. Biol. Ser. 137: 1-65.

Carriker, M. R. 1951. Ecological observations on the distribution of oyster larvae in New Jersey estuaries. Ecol. Monogr. 21: 19-38.

Cronin, T. W. 1982. Estuarine retention of larvae of the crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii. Estuar. Coastal Shelf Sci. 15: 207-220.

Cronin, T. W. and R. B. Forward, Jr. 1986. Vertical migration cycles of crab larvae and their role in larval dispersal. Bull. Mar. Sci. 39: 192-201.

DeWolf, P. 1973. Ecological observations on the mechanisms of dispersal of barnacle larvae during planktonic life and settling. Netherlands J. Sea Res. 6: 1-129.

Forward, R. B., Jr. and T. W. Cronin. 1980. Tidal rhythms of activity and phototaxis of an estuarine crab larva. Biol. Bull. 158: 295-303.

Sandifer, P. A. 1975. The role of pelagic larvae in recruitment to populations of adult decapod crustaceans in the York River estuary and adjacent lower Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. Estuar. Coastal Mar. Sci. 3: 269-279.

Wood, L. and W. J. Hargis, Jr. 1971. Transport of Bivalve larvae in a tidal estuary. In: Fourth European Marine Biology Symposium, D. J. Crisp (ed), Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 29-44.
Recent Contributions:

DeVries, M. C., R. A. Tankersley, R. B. Forward Jr., W. W. Kirby Smith, and R. A. Luettich Jr. 1994. Abundance of estuarine crab larvae is associated with tidal hydrologic variables. Mar. Biol. 118: 403-413.

Hill, A. E. 1991. A mechanism for horizontal zooplankton transport by vertical migration in tidal currents. Mar. Biol. 111: 485-492.

Jenkins, S. R. 2005. Larval habitat selection, not larval supply, determines settlement patterns and adult distribution in two chthamalid barnacles. Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 74, pp. 893–904.

Larsson, A. I., and P. R. Jonsson. 2006. Barnacle larvae actively select flow environments supporting post-settlement growth and survival. Ecology, v. 87, pp. 1960–1966.

Lochmann, S. E., R. M. Darnell, J. D. McEachran. 1995. Temporal and vertical distribution of crab larvae in a tidal pass. Estuaries 18: 255-263.

Morgan, S. G. 1990. Impact of planktivorous fishes on dispersal, hatching, and morphology of estuarine crab larvae. Ecology 71: 1639-1652.

Matthews, T. R., W. W. Schroeder and D. E. Stearns. 1991. Endogenous rhythm. light and salinity effects on postlarval brown shrimp Penaeus aztecus Ives recruitment to estuaries. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 154: 177-189.

Morgan, S. G., and J. H. Christy. 1995. Adaptive significance of the timing of larval release by crabs. American Naturalist, v. 145, pp. 457–479.

Mullineaux, L. S., and S. W. Mills. 1997. A test of the larval retention hypothesis in seamount- generated flows. Deep Sea Research, v. 44, pp. 45–70.

Mullineaux, L. S., S. W. Mills, A. K. Sweetman, A. H. Beaudreau, A. Metaxas, and H. L. Hunt.

  1. Vertical, lateral and temporal structure in larval distributions at hydrothermal vents. Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 293, pp. 1–16.

Olmi, E. J. 1994. Vertical migration of blue crab Callinectes sapidus megalopae: implications for transport in estuaries. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 113: 39-54.

Tankersley, R. A., L. M. McKelvey and R. B. Forward, Jr. 1995. Response of estuarine crab megalopae to pressure, salinity and light: Implications for flood-tide transport. Mar.Biol. 122: 391-400.

Zeng, C. and E. Naylor. 1996. Endogenous tidal rhythms of vertical migration in field collected zoea-1 larvae of the shore crab Carcinus maenas: Implications for ebb tide offshore dispersal. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 132:71-82.

 

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Connections Between Estuaries and The Shelf

Some Useful References contributed by Richard Dame, Marine Science Department, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, South Carolina 29528-6054

SOME REVIEW AND CLASSIC PAPERS
Dame, R.F. 1996. Between estuaries and the sea. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 200: 169-185.

Nixon, S.W. 1980. Between coastal marshes and coastal waters – A review of twenty years of speculation and research on the role of salt marshes in estuarine productivity. In, Estuarine and Wetland Processes, edited by P. Hamilton and K.B. MacDonald, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 437-525.

Norcross, B.L. & R.F. Shaw. 1984. Oceanic and estuarine transportof fish eggs and larvae: a review. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., Vol. 115, pp. 155-165.

Odum, E.P. 1980. The status of three ecosystem level hypotheses regarding salt marshes: tidal subsidy, outwelling and the detritus based food chain. In, Estuarine Perspectives, edited by V.S. Kennedy, Academic Press, New York, pp. 485-496.

USEFUL REFERENCES
Abd.Aziz, S. & D.B. Nedwell. 1986. The nitrogen cycle of an east coast, U.K. saltmarsh: II. Nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, tidal exchange. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., Vol. 22, pp. 680-704.

Asjes, J. & N. Dankers. 1994. Variations in tidal exchange processes between a Dutch salt marsh, the Slufter and the North Sea. In, Global Wetlands Old World and New, edited by W.J. Mitsch, Elsevier, New York, pp. 201-214.

Axelrad, D.M. 1974. Nutrient Flux Through the Salt Marsh Ecosystem. Ph. D. thesis, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia. Boehlert, G.W. & B.C. Mundy. 1988. Roles of behavioral and physical factors in larval and juvenile fish recruitment to estuarine nursery areas. Am.Fish. Soc. Symp., Vol. 3, pp. 51-67.

Boicourt, W.C. 1982. Estuarine larval retention mechanisms on two scales. In, Estuarine Comparisons, edited by V. Kennedy, Academic Press, New York, pp. 445-457.

Boorman, L.A., J. Hazelden, P.J. Loveland, J.G. Wells & J.E. Levasseur. 1994a. Comparative relationships between primary productivity and organic and nutrient fluxes in four European saltmarshes. In, Global Wetlands Old World and New, edited by W.J. Mitsch, Elsevier, New York, pp. 181-199.

Boorman, L.A., J. Hazelden, R. Andrews & J.G. Wells. 1994b. Organic and nutrient fluxes in four north-west European salt marshes. In, Changes in Fluxes in Estuaries: Implications from Science and Management, edited by K.R.Dyer and R.J. Orth, Olsen & Olsen, Fredensborg, pp. 243-248.

Borey, R.B., P.A. Harcombe & F.M. Fisher. 1983. Water and organic carbon fluxes from an irregularly flooded brackish marsh on the upper Texas coast, USA. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., Vol. 16, pp. 379-402.

Bousfield, E.L. 1955. Ecological control of the occurrence of barnacles in the Miramichi estuary. Bull. Natn. Mus. Can. Biol.Ser., Vol. 137, pp. 1-65.

Bowden, K.F. 1967. Circulation and diffusion. In, Estuaries, edited by G.H. Lauff, AAAS, Washington, pp. 15-36.

Boynton, W.R., J.R. Garber, R. Summers, & W.M. Kemp. 1995. Inputs, transformations, and transport of nitrogen and phosphorus in Chesapeake Bay and selected tributaries. Estuaries, Vol. 18, pp. 285-314.

Breitburg, D.L. 1992. Episodic hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay: interacting effects of recruitment, behavior, and physical disturbance. Ecol. Monogr., Vol. 64, pp. 525-546.

Chalmers, A.G., R.G. Wiegert, & P.L. Wolf. 1985. Carbon balance in a salt marsh: interactions of diffusive export, tidal deposition, and rainfall – caused erosion. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., Vol. 21, pp. 757-771.

Childers, D.L. 1994. Fifteen years of marsh flumes: a review of marsh-water column interactions in southeastern USA estuaries. In: Global Wetlands: Old World and New, edited by W.J. Mitsch, Elsevier, New York, pp. 277-293.

Christy, J.H. & S.E. Stancyk. 1982. Timing of larval production and flux of invertebrate larvae in a well-mixed estuary. In, Estuarine Comparisons, edited by V.S. Kennedy, Academic Press, New York, pp. 489-503.

Chrzanowski, T. & R. Zingmark. 1986. Passive filtering of microbial biomass by Spartina alterniflora. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 22, pp. 545-557.

Crawford, D.W. & D.A. Purdie. 1992. Evidence for avoidance of flushing from an estuary by a planktonic, phototrophic ciliate. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 79, pp. 259-265.

Daly, M.A. & A.C. Mathieson. 1981. Nutrient fluxes within a small north temperate salt marsh. Mar. Biol., Vol. 61, pp. 337-342.

Dame, R.F. 1989. The importance of Spartina alterniflora to Atlantic coast estuaries. Crit. Rev. Aqua. Sci., Vol. 1, pp. 639-660.

Dame, R.F. 1993. The role of bivalve filter feeder material fluxes in estuarine ecosystems, In, Bivalve Filter Feeders in Estuarine and Coastal Ecosystem Processes, edited by R. F. Dame,Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 245-269.

Dame, R.F. 1994. The net flux of materials between marsh-estuarine systems and the sea: the Atlantic coast of the United States. In, Global Wetlands Old World and New, edited by W.J. Mitsch, Elsevier, New York, pp. 295-302.

Dame, R.F., D. Childers & E. Koepfler. 1992. A geohydrologic continuum theory for the spatial and temporal evolution of marsh-estuarine ecosystems. Neth. J. Sea Res., Vol. 30, pp. 63-72.

Dame, R.F., T.H. Chrzanowski, K. Bildstein, B. Kjerfve, H. McKellar, D. Nelson, J.D. Spurrier, S. Stancyk, H. Stevenson, F.J. Vernberg, & R.G. Zingmark. 1986. The outwelling hypothesis and North Inlet, South Carolina. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 33, pp. 217-229.

Dame,R.F., J.D. Spurrier, T.M. Williams, B. Kjerfve, R.G. Zingmark, T.G. Wolaver, T.H. Chrzanowski, H. McKellar & F.J. Vernberg. 1991. Annual material processing by a salt marsh-estuarine basin in South Carolina. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 72, pp. 153-166.

Dankers, N.,M. Binsbergen, K. Zegers, R. Laane & M.R. van der Loeff. 1984. Transportation of water, particulate and dissolved organic and inorganic matter between a salt marsh and the Ems-Dollard estuary, The Netherlands. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., Vol. 19, pp. 143-165.

Deegan, L.A. 1993. Nutrient and energy transport between estuaries and coastal marine ecosystems by fish migration. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., Vol. 50, pp. 74-79.

de Wolf, P. 1973. Ecological observation on the mechanisms of dispersal of barnacle larvae during planktonic life and settlement. Neth. J. Sea Res., Vol. 6, pp. 1-129.

Dittel, A.T. & C.E. Epifanio. 1982. Seasonal abundance and distribution of crab larvae in Delaware Bay. Estuaries, Vol. 5, pp. 197-202.

Dronkers, J. 1988. Inshore/offshore water exchange in shallow coastal systems. In, Coastal-Offshore Ecosystem Interactions, edited by B-O. Jansson, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 3-39.

Edwards, R.R.C. 1977. Field experiments on growth and mortality of Penaeus vannamei in a Mexican coastal lagoon complex. Estuar. Coast. Mar. Sci., Vol. 5, pp. 107-121.

Epifanio, C.E. 1988. Transport of invertebrate larvae between estuaries and the continental shelf. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp., Vol. 3, pp. 104-114.

Fortier, L. & W.C. Leggett. 1985. A drift study of larval fish survival. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 25, pp. 245-257.

Forward, R.B.& T.W. Cronin. 1980. Tidal rhythms of activity and phototaxis of an estuarine crab larva. Biol. Bull., Vol. 158, pp. 295-303.

Gordon, D.C. & P.J. Cranford. 1994. Export of organic matter from macrotidal salt marshes in the upper Bay of Fundy, Canada. In: Global Wetlands: Old World and New, edited by W.J. Mitsch, Elsevier, New York, pp. 257-264.

Groen, P. 1967. On the residual transport of suspended matter by an alternating tidal current. Neth. J. Sea Res., Vol. 3, pp. 564-674.

Haines, E.B. 1977. The origins of detritus in Georgia salt marsh estuaries. Oikos, Vol. 29, pp. 254-260.

Happ, G., J.G. Gosselink & J.W. Day. 1977. The seasonal distribution of organic carbon in a Louisiana estuary. Estuar. Coast. Mar. Sci., Vol. 5, pp. 695-705.

Heinle, D.R. & D.A. Flemer. 1976. Flows ofmaterials between poorly flooded tidal marshes and an estuary. Mar. Biol., Vol. 35, pp. 359-373.

Hemminga, M.A., V.A. Klap, J. van Soelen, J. De Leeuw & J.J. Boon. Shifts in seston characteristics after inundation of a European coastal salt marsh. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 37, pp. 1559-1564.

Hopkinson, C.S. 1985. Shallow-water benthic and pelagic metabolism – evidence of heterotrophy in the nearshore Georgia Bight. Mar. Biol., Vol. 87, pp. 19-32.

Hopkinson, C.S. 1988. Patterns of organic carbon exchange between coastal ecosystems – The mass balance approach in salt marsh ecosystems. In, Coastal-Offshore Ecosystem Interactions, edited by B-O. Jansson, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 122-154.

Hopkinson, C.S. & R. Hoffman. 1984. The estuary extended – A recipient-system study of estuarine outwelling in Georgia. In, The Estuary As A Filter, edited by V. Kennedy, Academic Press, New York, pp. 313-330.

Hughs. D.A. 1972. On the endogenous control of tide-associated displacements of pink shrimp, Penaeus duorarum Burkenroad. Biol. Bull., Vol. 136, pp. 271-280.

Jansson, B-O. 1988. Coastal-Offshore Ecosystem Interactions. Springer-Verlag, New York, 367 pp. Johnson, G.E. & J.J. Gonor. 1982. The tidal exchange of Callianassa californiensis (Crustacea, Decapoda) larvae between the ocean and the Salmon river estuary, Oregon. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., Vol. 14, pp. 501-516.

Kemp, W.M, W.R. Boynton, R.R. Twilley, J.C. Stevenson & L.G. Ward. 1984. Influences of submersed vascular plants on ecological processes in upper Chesapeake Bay. In, The Estuary As A Filter, edited by V. Kennedy, Academic Press, New York, pp. 367-394.

Kjerfve, B. 1975. Velocity averaging in estuaries characterized by a large tidal range to depth ratio. Estuar. Coast. Mar. Sci., Vol. 3, pp. 311-323.

Kjerfve, B. 1989. Estuarine geomorphology and physical oceanography. In, Estuarine Ecology, edited by J. Day, C. Hall, M. Kemp and A. Yanezz-Arancibia, Wiley, New York, pp. 47-78.

Kjerfve, B. & J. Proehl. 1979. Velocity variability in a cross- section of a well-mixed estuary. J. Mar. Res., Vol. 37, pp. 409-418.

Lefeuvre, J.C. & R.F. Dame. 1994. Comparative studies of salt marsh processes in the New and Old Worlds: an introduction. In, Global Wetlands Old World and New, edited by W.J. Mitsch, Elsevier, New York, pp. 169-179.

Little, K.T. & C.E. Epifanio. 1991. Mechanism for the re-invasion of an estuary by two species of brachyuran megalopae. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 68, pp. 235-242.

Lotrich, V.A., W.H. Meredith, S.B. Weisberg, L.E. Hurd & F.C. Daiber. 1978. Dissolved and particulate nutrient fluxes via tidal exchange between a salt marsh and lower Delaware Bay. 5th Estuarine Research Conference. Abstract.

Meade, R.H. 1969. Landward transport of bottom sediments in estuaries of the Atlantic coastal plain. J. Sed. Petrol., Vol. 39, pp. 222-234.

Moll, R.A. 1977. Phytoplankton in a temperate-zone salt marsh: net production and exchange with coastalwaters. Mar. Biol., Vol. 42, pp. 109-118.

Odum, E.P. 1968. A research challenge: evaluating the productivity of coastal and estuarine water. Proceedings of the 2nd Sea Grant Conference, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, pp. 63-64.

Odum, E.P. 1969. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science, Vol. 164, pp. 262-270.

Odum, W.E., J.S.Fisher & J.C. Pickral. 1979. Factors controlling the flux of particulate organic carbon from wetlands. In, Ecological Processes in Coastal and Marine Systems, edited by R.J. Livingston. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 69-80.

Olmi, E.J. 1994. Vertical migration of blue crab Callinectes sapidus megalopae: implications for transport in estuaries. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 113, pp. 39-54.

Postma, H. 1967. Sediment transport and sedimentation in the estuarine environment. In, Estuaries, edited by G.H. Lauff, AAAS, Washington, pp. 158-179.

Postma, H. 1980. Sediment transport and sedimentation. In, Chemistry and Biochemistry of Estuaries, edited by E. Olausson and I. Cato, Wiley, New York, pp.153-186.

Postma, H. 1981. Exchange of materials between the North Sea and the Wadden Sea. Mar. Geol., Vol. 40, pp. 199-213.

Rowe, P.M. & C.E. Epifanio. 1994a. Tidal stream transport of weakfish larvae in Delaware Bay, USA. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 110, pp. 105-114.

Rowe, P.M. & C.E. Epifanio. 1994b. Flux and transport of larval weakfish in Delaware Bay, USA. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 110, pp. 115-120.

Roman, M.R., M.R. Reeve & J.L. Froggatt. 1983. Carbon production and export from Biscayne Bay, Florida. I. Temporal patterns in primary production, seston and zooplankton. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci., Vol. 17, pp. 45-59.

Sandifer, P.A. 1975. The role of pelagic larvae in recruitment to populations of adult decapod crustaceans in the York River estuary and adjacent lower Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. Estuar. Coast. Mar. Sci., Vol. 3, pp. 269-279.

Shaw, R.F., W.J. Wiseman, R.E. Turner, L.J. Rouse & R.E. Condrey. 1985. Transport of larval gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus in continental shelf waters of western Louisiana: a hypothesis. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., Vol. 114, pp. 452-460.

Short, F.T. & C.A. Short. 1984. The seagrass filter: purification of estuarine and coastal waters. In, The Estuary As A Filter, edited by V. Kennedy, Academic Press, New York, pp. 395-413.

Smaal, A.C. and T.C. Prins 1993. The uptake of organic matter and the release of inorganic nutrients by bivalve suspension feeder bed. In, Bivalve Filter Feeders in Estuarine and Coastal Ecosystem Processes, edited by R.F. Dame, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 273-298.

Smith, S.V. 1984. Phosphorus versus nitrogen limitation in the marine environment. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 29, pp. 1149- 1160.

Stancyk, S.E. & R.J. Feller. 1986. Transport of non-decapod invertebrate larvae in estuaries: an overview. Bull. Mar. Sci., Vol. 39, pp. 257-268.

Swift, D.J.P. 1976. Coastal sedimentation. In, Marine Sediment Transport and Environmental Management, edited by D.J.P Swift & D.J. Stanley, Wiley, New York, pp. 255-310.

Teal, J.M. 1962. Energy flow in the salt marsh ecosystem of Georgia. Ecology Vol. 43, pp. 614-624.

Taguchi, S. & B.T. Hargrave. 1978. Loss rates of suspended material sedimented in a marine bay. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can., Vol. 35, pp. 1614-1620.

Van Straaten, L.M.J.U. & Ph.H. Kuenen. 1957. Accumulation of fine-grained sediments in the Dutch Wadden Sea. Geol. Mijnbouw, Vol. 19, pp. 329-354.

Valiela, I., J.M. Teal, S. Volkmann, D. Shafer & E.J. Carpernter. 1978. Nutrient and particulate fluxes in a salt marsh ecosystem; tidal exchanges and inputs by precipitation and groundwater. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 23, pp. 798-812.

Vitousek, P.M. & W.A. Reiners. 1975. Ecosystem succession and nutrient retention: a hypothesis. BioSci., Vol. 25, pp. 376-381.

Vouglitois, J.J., K.W. Able, R.J. Kurtz, & K.A. Tighe. 1987. Life history and population dynamics of the bay anchovy in New Jersey. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., Vol. 116, pp. 141-153.

Ward, L.G. 1981. Suspended-material transport in marsh tidal channels, Kiawah Island, South Carolina. Mar. Geol.,Vol. 40, pp. 139-154.

Welch, B.L. 1980. Comparative nutrient dynamics of a marsh-mudflat ecosystem. Estuar. Coast. Mar. Sci., Vol. 10, pp. 143-164.

Wilmot, W., P. Toll & B. Kjerfve. 1985. Nutrient transports in a Swedish estuary. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci., Vol. 21, pp. 161-184.

Wolff, W.J., M.J. van Eeden & E. Lammens. 1979. Primary production and import of particulate organic matter on a salt marsh in The Netherlands. Neth. J. Sea Res., Vol. 13, pp. 242-255.

Wood, L. & Hargis, W.J. 1971. Transport of bivalve larvae in a tidal estuary. In, Fourth European Marine Biology Symposium, edited by D.J. Crisp, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 29-44.

Woodwell, G.M., R.A. Houghton, C.A.S. Hall, D.E. Whitney, R.A. Moll & D.W. Juers. 1979. The Flax Pond ecosystem study: the annual metabolism and nutrient budget of a salt marsh. In: Ecological Processes in Coastal Environments, edited by R.L. Jefferies and A.J. Davy, Blackwell, London, pp. 491-511.

 

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Fate of Organic Matter in Sediments

Some Useful References contributed by: Lawrence M. Mayer Darling Marine Center, University of Maine, Walpole ME 04573 USA Phone (207-563-3146, ext. 237). Fax (207-563-3119).

Summary papers in the field:

Henrichs, S.M., 1992. Early diagenesis of organic matter in marine sediments: progress and perplexity. Mar. Chem. 39:119-149.

Mayer, L.M., 1993. Organic matter at the sediment-water interface. IN:Organic Geochemistry (Engel, M. and Macko, S., Eds.), Plenum, pp. 171-184.

Hedges, J.I., and R.G. Keil, 1995. Sedimentary organic matter preservation: an assessment and speculative synthesis. Mar. Chem.
49:81-115.

Romankevich, E.A., 1984. Geochemistry of Organic Matter in the Ocean.Springer-Verlag.

Emerson, S. and J.I. Hedges, 1988. Processes controlling the organic carbon content of open ocean sediments. Paleoceanography 3:621-634.

Classic research papers in the field:

Aller, R.A. and J.I. Yingst, 1980. Relationships between microbial distributions and the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in surface sediments of Long Island Sound, U.S.A., Mar. Biol. 56:29-42.

Berner, R.A. 1982. Burial of organic matter and pyrite in the modern ocean: its geochemical and environmental significance. Amer. J. Sci. 282:451-475.

Rice, D.L. 1982. The detritus nitrogen problem: new observations and perspectives from organic geochemistry. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 9:153-162.

Wassmann, P. (1984) Sedimentation and benthic mineralization of organicdetritus in a Norwegian fjord. Mar. Biol. 83:83-94.

Westrich, J. and Berner, R.A. (1984) The role of sedimentary organic matter in bacterial sulfate reduction: The G-model tested. Limnol. Oceanogr. 29:236-249.

Henrichs, S.M. and W.S. Reeburgh, 1987. Anaerobic mineralization of marine sediment organic matter: Rates and the role of anaerobic processes in the oceanic carbon economy. Geomicrobiology J. 5:191-237.

Froelich, P.N. et al. 1979. Early oxidation of organic matter in pelagic sediments of the eastern equatorial Atlantic: Suboxic diagenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 43:1075-1090.

Recent contributions:

Hedges, J.I., W.A. Clark, and G.L. Cowie, 1988. Fluxes and reactivities of organic matter in a coastal marine bay. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33:1137-1152.

Martens, C.S., R. Haddad, and J.P. Chanton, 1992. Organic matter accumulation, remineralization and burial in an anoxic coastal sediment. In: J.K. Whelan and J.W. Farrington (eds), Organic Matter: Productivity, Accumulation , and Preservation in Recent and Ancient Sediments, Columbia Univ. Press, NY.

Lee, C. 1992. Controls on organic carbon preservation: The use of stratified water bodies to compare intrinsic rates of decomposition in oxic and anoxic systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56:3323-3335,

Rudnick, D.T. and C.A. Oviatt, 1986. Seasonal lags between organic matter deposition and mineralization in marine sediments. J. Mar. Res. 44:815-837.

Canuel, E.A. and C.S. Martens, 1993. Seasonal variations in the sources and alteration of organic matter associated with recently-deposited sediments. Org. Geochem. 20:563-577.

Mayer, L.M., Schick, L.L., Sawyer, T., Plante, C., Jumars, P.A., and Self, R.L., 1995. Bioavailable amino acids in sediments: A biomimetic, kinetics-based approach, Limnology and Oceanography, 40:511-520.

Sun, M-Y., C. Lee, and R.C. Aller, 1993. Laboratory studies of oceanic and anoxic degradation of chlorophyll-a in Long Island Sound sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57:147-157.

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Fish Farming in Marine Environment and its Impacts

Some Useful References compiled by Jeffrey Levinton, SUNY at Stony Brook

General References

Beveridge, MCM. Cage aquaculture. Fishing News Books, Blackwell, Oxford.

Gowen, R.J. and Bradbury NB, 1987. The ecological impact of salmonid farming in coastal waters: A review. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 25:563-575.

Holmer, M. 1991. Impacts of aquaculture on surrounding sediments: generation of organic-rich sediments. In: De Pauw, N, Joyce, J (eds). Aquaculture and the environment. Eur. Aquacult. Soc. Spec. Publ. 16: 155-175.

Wu, RSS, 1995. The environmental impact of marine fish culture: Towards a sustainable future. Mar. Poll. Bull. 31: 159-166

Other References of Interest
Bouza C. Sanchez L. Martinez P. 1997. Gene diversity analysis in natural populations and cultured stocks of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Animal Genetics 28: 28-36.

Carss D N.1994. Killing of piscivorous birds at Scottish Fin fish farms, 1984-87. Biological Conservation 68: 181-188.

Douglas J D M. 1995. Salmon farming: Occupational health in a new rural industry. Occupational Medicine-Oxford 45: 89-92.

Folke C. Kautsky N. Troell M1994. The costs of eutrophication from salmon farming: Implications for policy. Journal of Environmental Management 40: 173-182.

Gilbert, F. Souchy, P., Bianchi, M., Bonin, P. 1997. Influence of shellfish farming activitie on nutrification, nitrate reduction to ammonium and denitrification at the water-sediment interface of the Thau Lagoon, France. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 151: 143-153.

Gillibrand P A. Turrell W R. Moore D C. Adams R D. 1996. Bottom water stagnation and oxygen depletion in a Scottish sea loch. Estuarine Coastal & Shelf Science 43: 217-235.

Hall, POJ, Holby, O, Kollberg S., Samuelsson, M-O. 1992. Chemical fluxes and mass balances in a marine fish cage farm. I. Carbon. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 89:81-91.

Hansen L P. Reddin D G. Lund R A.1997. The incidence of reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) of fish farm origin at West Greenland. ICES Journal of Marine Science 54: 152-155.

Hargrave, BT, Duplisea, DE, Pdeiffer, E, Wildish, 1993.Seasonal changes in benthic fluxes of dissolved oxygen and ammonium associated with marine cultured Atlantic salmon. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 96:249-257.

Heggberget T G. Okland F. Ugedal O.1996. Prespawning migratory behaviour of wild and farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in a north Norwegian river. Aquaculture Research 27: 313-322.

Hevia M. Rosenthal H. Gowen R J1996. Modelling benthic deposition under fish cages. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 12: 71-74.

Holby, O, Hal POJ 1991. Chemical fluxes and mass balances in a marine fish cage farm. II. Phosphorus. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 70: 263-272.

Holmer, M., Kristensen, E. 1992. Impact of fish cage farming on metabolism and sulfate reduction of underlying sediments. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 80: 191-201.

Holmer M. Kristensen E.1994. Coexistence of sulfate reduction and methane production in an organic-rich sediment. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 107: 177-184.

Holmer M. Kristensen E.1996. Seasonality of sulfate reduction and pore water solutes in a marine fish farm sediment: The importance of temperature and sedimentary organic matter. Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) 32: 15-39.

Johnsen R I. Grahl-Nielsen O. Lunestad B T.1993. Environmental distribution of organic waste from a marine fish farm. Aquaculture 118: 229-244.

Kerry J. Hiney M. Coyne R. Cabazon D. Nicgabhainn S. Smith P.1994. Frequency and distribution of resistance to oxytetracycline in micro-organisms isolated from marine fish farm sediments following therapeutic use of oxytetracycline. Aquaculture 123 (1-2): 43-54.

Nehr O. Blancheton J P. Alliot E. 1996. Development of an intensive culture system for sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae in sea enclosures. Aquaculture 142: 43-58.

Smith P. Hiney M P. Samuelsen O B. 1994. Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents used in fish farming: A critical evaluation of method and meaning. Annual Review of Fish Diseases 4: 273-313.

Weston, DP 1990. Quantitative examination of macrobenthic community changes along an organic enrichment gradient. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 61: 233-244.

Withler R E. Beacham T D. Watkins R F. Stevens T A1994. Identification of farm-reared and native chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) on the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, using the nuclear DNA probe B2-2. Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 51(SUPPL. 1): 267-276.

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Genotoxicity, DNA Markers, and Toxicology

Some Useful References provided by Isaac Wirgin, New York University, Institute of Environmental Medicine

Summary Papers

Roesijadi G. 1992. Metallothioneins in metal regulation and .HTMLity in aquatic animals. Aquat. Toxicol. 22:81-114.

Stegeman, J.J. and Mark E. Hahn. 1993. Biochemistry and molecular biology of monooxygenases: Current perspectives on forms, functions, and regulation of cytochrome P450 in aquatic species. in D.C. Malins an G.K. Ostrander, eds. Aquatic Toxicology: Molecular, Biochemical, and Cellular Perspectives, Lewis Pub., Boca Raton.

Stegeman, J.J., M. Brouwer, R.T. Di Giulio, L. Forlin, B.A. Fowler, B.M. Sanders, and P.A. Van Veld. 1992. Enzyme and protein synthesis as indicators of contaminant exposure and effect. in R.J. Huggett, R.A. Kimerle, P.M. Mehrle, Jr., and H.L. Bergman, eds. Biomarkers: Biochemical, Physiological, and Histological Markers of Anthropogenic Stress, Lewis Pub, Chelsea, MI.

Van Bendeden, R.J., and G. K. Ostrander. 1993. Expression of oncogenes and tumor supressor genes in teleost fish. in D.C. Malins and G.K. Ostrander, eds. Aquatic Toxicology: Molecular, Biochemical, and Cellular Perspectives, Lewis Pub., Boca Raton.

Recent Papers

Fong, A.T., R.H. Dashwood, R. Cheng, C. Mathews, B. Ford, J.D. Hendricks, and G.S. Bailey. 1993. Carcinogenicity, metabolism and Ki-ras proto-oncogene activation by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rainbow trout. Carcinogenesis 14:629-635.

Hahn, M.E., A. Poland, E. Glover, and J.J. Stegeman. 1994. Photoaffinity labeling of the AH receptor: phylogenetic survey of diverse vertebrate and invertebrate species. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 310:218-228.

McMahon, G., L.J. Huber, M.J. Moore, J.J. Stegeman, and G.N. Wogan. 1990 Mutations in c-Ki-ras oncogenes in diseased livers of winter flounder from Boston Harbor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87:841-845.

Varanasi, U., W.L. Reichet, and J.E. Stein. 1989. 32P-postlabeling analysis of DNA adducts in liver of wild English sole (Parophrys vetulus) and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Cancer Res. 49:1171-1177.

Wirgin, I., D.C. Currie, and S.J. Garte. 1989. Activation of the K-ras oncogene n liver tumors of Hudson River tomcod. Carcinogenesis 10:2311-2315.

Wirgin, I.I., C. Grunwald, S. Courtenay G.-L. Kreamer, W.L. Reichert, and J.E. Stein. 1994. A biomarker approach to assessing xenobiotic exposure in Atlantic tomcod from the North American Atlantic coast. Environ. Health Perspect. 102:764-770.

Controversy
What is the role of oxygen radicals in comparison to bulky PAH adducts in the initiation of DNA damage in cancer-prone fish?

Kurelec, B., A. Garg, S. Krca, M. Chacko, and R.C. Gupta. 1989. Natural environment surpasses polluted environment in inducing DNA damage in fish. Carcinogenesis 10:1337-1339.

Maccubbin, A.E. 1993. DNA adduct analysis in fish: laboratory and field studies in D.C. Malin and G.K. Ostrander eds., Aquatic Toxicology: Molecular, Biochemical, and Cellular perspectives, Lewis Pub., Boca Raton.

Malins, D.C., and S.J. Gunselman. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry reveal a remarkable degree of structural damage in the DNA of wild fish exposed to .HTML chemicals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:13038-13401.

Malins, D.C., G.K. Ostrander, R. Haimanot and P. Williams. A novel DNA lesion in neoplastic livers of feral fish: 2,6 -diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine. Carcinogenesis 11:1045-1047.

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Marine Biological Invasions

Some Useful References compiled by Jeffrey Levinton

Baltz, D. M., 1991, Introduced fishes in marine systems and inland seas: Biol. Conserv., v. 56, p. 151-177.

Bax, N.; Carlton, J.T.; Mathews-Amos, A.; Haedrich, R.L.; Howarth, F.G.; Purcell, J.E.; Rieser, A.; Gray, A. 2001. The control of biological invasions in the world’s oceans. Conservation Biology 15: 1234-1246.

Berman, J., and Carlton, J. T., 1991, Marine invasion processes: interactions between native and introduced marsh snails: J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 150, p. 267-281.

Berman, J., Harris, L., Lambert, W., Buttrick, M., and Dufresne, M., 1992, Recent invasions of the Gulf of Maine: Three contrasting ecological histories: Cons. Biol., v. 6, p. 435-441.

Bollens, S.M.; Cordell, J.R.; Avent, S.; Hooff, R. 2002. Zooplankton invasions: a brief review, plus two case studies from the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Hyrobiologia 480: 87-110.

Brenchley, G., and Carlton, J. T., 1983, Competitive displacement of native mudsnails by introduced periwinkles in the New England intertidalzone: Biological Bulletin Woods Hole, v. 165, p. 543-558.

Caraco, N. F., Cole, J. J., Raymond, P. A., Strayer, D. L., Pace, M. L., Findlay, S. E. G., and Fischer, D. T., 1996, Zebra mussel invasion in a large, turbid, river: Phytoplankton response to increased grazing: Ecology, v. in press.

Carlton, J. T., 1996, Pattern, process, and prediction in marine invasion ecology.: Biol. Conserv., v. 78, p. 97-106.

Carlton, J. T., and Geller, J. B., 1993, Ecological roulette: The global transport of nonindigenous marine organisms.: Science, v. 261, p. 78-82.

Carlton, J. T., Thompson, J. K., Schemel, L. E., and Nichols, F. H., 1990, Remarkable invasion of San Francisco Bay (California, USA) by the Asian Clam Potamocorbula amurensis. I. Introduction and dispersal: Marine Ecology – Progress Series, v. 66, p. 81-94.

Case, Ted J. 1996. Global patterns in the establishment and distribution of exotic birds. Biol. Conserv. 78:69-96.

Coblentz, B. E., 1978, The effects of feral goats (Capra hircus) on island ecosystems.: Biol. Conserv., v. 13, p. 279-286.

Cohen, A. N. and J. T. Carlton. Transoceanic transport mechanisms: The introduction of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis to California,Pac.Sci. 51(1): 1-11, 1997.

Cohen, A. N., J. T. Carlton and M. C. Fountain. Introduction, dispersal and potential impacts of the green crab Carcinus maenas in San Francisco Bay,California, Mar. Biol. 122: 225-237, 1995.

Geller, J. B., E. D. Walton, E. D. Grosholz, and G. M. Ruiz. 1997. Cryptic invasions of the crab Carcinus detected by molecular phylogeography. Molecular Ecology, v. 6, pp. 101–106.

Grosholz, E. D., 1996, Contrasting rates of spread for introduced species in terrestrial and marine systems.: Ecology, v. 77, p. 1680-1686.

Grosholz, E. D. 2002. Ecological and evolutionary consxequences of coastal invasions. Trends n Ecology and Evolution 17: 22-27.

Grosholz, E. D., and Ruiz, G. M., 1995, Spread and potential impact of the recently introduced European green crab, Carcinus maenas, in central California.: Mar. Biol., v. 122, p. 239-247.

Grosholz, E. D., and G. M. Ruiz. 1996. Predicting the impact of introduced marine species: Lessons from the multiple invasions of the European green crab Carcinus maenas. Biological Conservation, v. 78, pp. 59–66.

Hacker, S.D.; Heimer, D.; Hellquist, C.E.; Reeder, T.G.; Reeves, B.; Riordan, T.J.; Dethier, M.N.. 2001. A marine plant (Spartina anglica) invades wdely varying habitats: potentioal mechanisms of invasion and control. Biological Invasions 3: 211-217.

Harris, L. G., Tyrrell, M. C. 2001. Changing community states in the Gulf of Maine: synergism between invaders, oversfishing and climate change. Biological Invastions 3: 9-21

Herbold, B., and Moyle, P. B., 1986, Introduced species and vacant niches: Am. Nat., v. 128, p. 751-760.

Hoagland, K. E., and Turner, R. D., 1980, Range extensions of teredinids (shipworms) and polychaetes in the vicinity of a temperate-zone nuclear generating station: Mar. Biol., v. 58, p. 55-64.

Kado, R. 2003. Invasion of Japanese shores by the NE Pacific barnacle Balanus glandula and its ecological and biogeographical impact. Marine Ecology Progress Series 249: 199-206.

Kideys, A. E. 2002. Fall and rise of the black Sea Ecosystem. Science 297: 1482-1484

Levinton, J., 1994, The Zebra mussel invasion: A marine ecological perspective, in Miller, A. H., editor, 4th International Zebra Mussel Conference Proceedings: Madison WI, Wisconsin Sea Grant.

Mooney, H. A., and Drake, J. A., 1986, Ecology of Biological Invasions of North American and Hawaii: New York, Springer.

Nichols, F. H., Thompson, J. K., and Schemel, L. E., 1990, Remarkable invasion of San Francisco Bay (California, USA) by the Asian Clam Potamocorbula amurensis}.II. Displacement of a former community: Marine Ecology – Progress Series, v. 66, p. 95-101.

Pimm, S. L., 1987, Determining the effects of introduced species: TREE, v. 2, p. 106-108.

Por, F. D., 1971, One hundred years of Suez Canal – a century of Lessepsian migration: retrospect and viewpoints: Syst. Zool., v. 20, p. 138-159.

Roberts, L., 1990, Zebra mussel invasion threatens U.S. waters: Science, v. 249, p. 1370-1372.

Rubinoff, I., 1968, Central American sea-level canal: possible biological effects: Science, v. 161, p. 857-861.

Ruiz, G. M., J. T. Carlton, E. D. Grosholz, and A. H. Hines. 1997. Global invasions of marine and estuarine habitats by non-indigenous species: Mechanisms, extent, and consequences. American Zoologist, v. 37, pp. 621–632.

Saltonstall, K. 2002. Cryptic invasion by a non-native genotype of the common reed, Phragmites australis, into North America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, v.99, pp. 2445–2449.

Simberloff, D., 1981, Introduced insects: A biogeographic and systematic perspective, in Mooney, H. A., and Drake, J. A., editors, Ecology of Biological Invasions of North America and Hawaii: New York, Springer-verlag, p. 3-26.

Simberloff, D., 1995, Why do introduced species appear to devastate islands more than mainland areas?: Pacific Science, v. 49, p. 87-97.

Smith, L. D., J. J. Wonham, L. D. McCann, G. M. Ruiz, A. H. Hines, and J. T. Carlton. 1999.Invasion pressure to a ballast-flooded estuary and an assessment of inoculant survival.Biological Invasions, v. 1, pp. 67–87.

Stachowicz, J. J., J. R. Terwin, R. B. Whitlatch, and R. W. Osman. 2002. Linking climate change and biological invasions: Ocean warming facilitates nonindigenous species invasions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, v. 99, pp. 15497–15500.

Thompson, J. D. 1991. The biology of an invasive plant. BioScience, v. 41, pp. 393–401. (This is a discussion of Spartina invasion.)

Verity, P.G.; Smetacek, V.; Smayda, T.J. 2002. Status, trends and the future of the marine pelagic ecosystem.. Environmental Conservation 29: 2077-237.

Vermeij, G., 1996, An agenda for invasion biology: Biol. Conserv., v. 78, p. 3-9.

Vermeij, G. J., 1991, Anatomy of an invasion: The trans-Arctic interchange: Paleobiology, v. 17, p. 281-307.

Vitousek, P. M., Loope, L. L., and Stone, C. P., 1987, Introduced species in Hawaii: biological effects and opportunities for ecological research: TREE, v. 2, p. 224-227.

Williams S. L., Grosholz, E.D. 2002. Preliminary reports from the Caulerpa taxifolia invaasion in southern California. Marine Ecology Progress Series 233: 307-310.

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Kelp Forests

Some Useful References

General and Important References
Dayton, D.K. 1985. The ecology of kelp communities. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 16: 215-245.

Duggins, D.O. 1980. Kelp beds and sea otters: an experimental approach. Ecology 61: 447-453.

Duggins, D.O., C. A. Simenstad, J.A. Estes. 1989. Magnification of secondary production by kelp detritus in coastal marine ecosystems. Science 245: 170-173.

Elner, R.W., R.L. Vadas. 1990. Inference in ecology: the sea urchin phenomenon in the northwestern Atlantic. Am. Nat. 136: 108-125.

Estes, J.A., J.F. Palmisano. 1974. Sea otters: their role in structuring nearshore communities. Science 185: 1058-1060.

Mann, K.H., P.A. Breen. 1972. The relation between lobster abundance, sea urchins, and kelp beds. J. Fish Res. Bd. Canada 29: 603-605. [please be sure to read later literature]

Miller, R.J. 1985. Seaweeds, sea urchins, and lobsters: a reappraisal. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:2061-2072.

Vadas, R.L. and R.S. Steneck. 1995. Overfishing and inferences in kelp–sea urchin interactions. In H.R. Skjoldal, C. Hopkins, K.E. Eridstad, H.P. Leinaasa, eds., Ecology of Fjords and Coastal Waters, Elsevier Science, pp. 509-524

Witman, J.D. 1988. Stability of Atlantic kelp forests. 3: 285-286.

Other Important References

Cowen, R.K., C.R. Aggegian, M.S. Foster. 1982. The maintenance of community structure in a central California giant kelp forest. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 64: 189-201.

Dayton, P.K., V. Currie, T. Gerrodette, B. Keller, R. Rosenthal, D. Ven Tresca. 1994. Patch dynamics and stability of some souther California kelp communities. Ecol. Monogr. 54: 253-259.

Dayton, P.K., M. Tegner. 1984. Catastrophic storms, El Nino, and patch stability in a souther California kelp community. Science 24: 283-285.

Ebeling, A.W., D.R. Laur, R.J. Rowley. 1985. Severe storm disturbances and reversal of community structure in a southern California kelp forest. Mar. Biol. 84: 287-294.

Foster, M.S., D.R. Schiel. 1988. Kelp communities and sea otters: keystone species or just another brick in the wall? In G. R. VanBlaricom, J.A. Estes, eds., The Community Ecology of Sea Otters. New York, Springer-Verlag, pp. 92-115

Harrold, C., D.C. Reed. 1985. Food availability, sea urchin grazing, and kelp forest community structure. Ecology 66: 1160-1169.

Kennelly, S.J., A.J. Underwood. 1993. Geographic consistencies of effects of experimental physical disturbance on understory species in sublittoral kelp forests in central New South Wales. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 168: 35-58.

Miller, R.J. A.G. Colodey. 1983. Widespread mass mortalities of the green sea urchin in Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar. Biol. 73: 263-267.

Miller, R.J. 1985. Succession in sea urchin and seaweed abundance in Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar. Biol. 84: 275-286.

Schroeter, S.D., J.D. Dixon, J. Kastendick, R.O. Smith. 1993. Detecting the ecological effects of environmental impacts: a case study of kelp invertebrates. Ecol. Appl. 3: 331-350.

Stephenson, R.L., F.C. Tan, K.H. Mann. 1986. Use of stable isotope ratios to compare plant meterial and potential consumers in a seagrass bed and a kelp bed in Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 30: 1-7.

Tegner, M.J. and P.K. Dayton. 1981. Population structure, recruitment and mortality of two sea urchins (Strongylocentrous franciscanus and S. purpuratus in a kelp forest. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 5: 255-268.

Tegner, M.J. and P.K. Dayton. 1987. El Nino effects on southern California kelp forest communities. Adv. Ecol. Res. 17:243-279.

VanBlaricom, G.R., and J.A. Estes. 1988. The Community Ecology of Sea Otters. New York: Springer-Verlag.

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Larval Ecology – Making the Connection with Recruitment

Some Useful References contributed by James Eckman, Skidaway Institute of Oceanography (and some others by Jeff Levinton)

IMPORTANT REFERENCES
Crisp, D.J., 1976. Settlement responses in marine organisms. In, Adaptation to Environment: Essayy on the Physiology of Marine Animals, edited by R.C. Newell, Butterworths, London, pp. 83-123.

Denny, M.W. & M.F. Shibata, 1989. Consequences of surf-zone turbulence for settlement and external fertilization. Amer. Natur., Vol. 134, pp. 859-889.

Eckman, J.E. 1996. Closing the larval loop: linking larval ecology to the population dynamics of marine benthic invertebrates. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. Vol. 200, pp. 207-237.

Gaines, S.D., & M.D. Bertness. 1992. Dispersal of juveniles and variable recruitment in sessile marine species. Nature, Vol. 360, pp. 579-580.

Morgan, S.G., 1995. Life and death in the plankton: Larval mortality and adaptation. In, Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, edited by L. McEdward, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 279-322.

Okubo, A., 1994. The role of diffusion and related physical processes in dispersal and recruitment of marine populations. In, The Bio-Physics of Marine Larval Dispersal, edited by P.W. Sammarco & M.L. Heron, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., pp. 5-34.

Roughgarden, J., S. Gaines & H. Possingham, 1988. Recruitment dynamics in complex life cycles. Science, Vol. 241, pp. 1460-1466.

Shanks, A.L., 1995. Mechanisms of cross-shelf dispersal of larval invertebrates and fish. In, Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, edited by L. McEdward, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 323-368.

OTHER IMPORTANT REFERENCES
Ames, W.F., 1977. Numerical methods for partial differential equations. Academic Press, New York, 2nd edition, 365 pp.

Andrews, J.C., S.L. Gay & P.W. Sammarco, 1988. Influence of circulation pattern on self-seeding at Helix Reef – Great Barrier Reef. In, Proceedings of the 6th International Coral Reef Symposium, pp. 469-474.

Babcock, R.C., C.N. Mundy, J. Keesing & J. Oliver, 1992. Predictable and unpredictable spawning events: in situ behavioural data from free-spawning coral reef invertebrates. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, Vol. 22, pp. 213-228.

Bayne, B.L., 1976. Aspects of reproduction in marine molluscs. In, Estuarine Processes, edited by M.L. Wiley, Academic Press, New York, pp. 432-448.

Bayne, B.L. & R.C. Newell, 1983. Physiological energetics of marine molluscs. In, The Mollusca, edited by A.S.M. Saleuddin & K.M. Wilbur, Academic Press, New York, pp. 407-515.

Bertness, M.D., S.D. Gaines, E.G. Stephens & P.O. Yund, 1992. Components of recruitment in populations of the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 156, pp. 199-215.

Bertness, M.D., S.D. Gaines, R. A.Wahle. 1996. Wind-driven settlement patterns in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 137, pp. 103-110.

Boidron-MÈtarion, I.F., 1995. Larval nutrition. In, Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, edited by L. McEdward, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 223-248.

Businger, J.A. & S.P.S. Arya, 1974. Height of the mixed layer in the stably stratified planetary boundary layer. Adv. Geophys., Vol. 18, pp. 73-92.

Butman, C.A., 1986. Larval settlement of soft-sediment invertebrates: Some predictions based on an analysis of near-bottom velocity profiles. In, Marine Interfaces Ecohydrodynamics, edited by J.C.J. Nihoul, Elsevier, New York, pp. 487-513.

Butman, C.A., 1987. Larval settlement of soft-sediment invertebrates: the spatial scales of pattern explained by active habitat selection and the emerging role of hydrodynamical processes. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev., Vol. 25, pp. 113-165.

Carnahan, B., H.A. Luther & J.O. Wilkes, 1969. Applied numerical methods. John Wiley & Sons, New York, edition, 604 pp.

Caswell, H., 1989. Matrix Population Models: Construction, Analysis, and Interpretation. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusettes, edition, 328 pp.

Caswell, H. & S. Brault, 1992. Life cycles and population dynamics. Oceanus, Vol. 35, pp. 86-93.

Chia, F.-S., J. Buckland-Nicks & C.M. Young, 1984. Locomotion of marine invertebrate larvae: a review. Can. J. Zool., Vol. 62, pp. 1205-1222.

Connell, J.H., 1985. The consequences of variation in initial settlement vs. post-settlement mortality in rocky intertidal communities. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 93, pp. 11-45.

Crisp, D.J., 1984. Overview of research on marine invertebrate larvae, 1940-1980. In, Marine Biodeterioration: An Interdisciplinary Study, edited by J.D. Costlow & R.C. Tipper, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, pp. 103-127.

Crouse, D.T., L.B. Crowder & H. Caswell, 1987. A stage-based population model for Loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology, Vol. 68, pp. 1412-1423.

Davies, A.G., R.L. Sousby & H.L. King, 1988. A numerical model of the combined wave and current bottom boundary layer. J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 93, pp. 491-508.

Davies, A.M., 1991. On the accuracy of finite difference and modal methods for comuting tidal and wind wave current profiles. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, Vol. 12, pp. 101-124.

Davies, A.M. & J.E. Jones, 1990. Application of a three-dimensional turbulence energy model to the determination of tidal currents on the northwest european shelf. J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 95, No. C10, pp. 18,143-18,162.

Davis, A.R. & A.J. Butler, 1989. Direct observations of larval dispersal in the colonial ascidian Podoclavella moluccensis Sluiter: Evidence for closed populations. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 127, pp. 189-203.

Davis, C.S., 1984. Interaction of a copepod population with the mean circulation on Georges Bank. J. Mar. Res., Vol. 42, pp. 573-590.

Day, R. & L. McEdward, 1984. Aspects of the physiology and ecology of pelagic larvae of marine benthic invertebrates. In, Marine Plankton Life Cycle Strategies, edited by K.A. Steidinger & L.M. Walker, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 93-120.

Denny, M.W., 1985. Wave forces on intertidal organisms: A case study. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 30, pp. 1171-1187.

Denny, M.W., 1988. Biology and the mechanics of the wave-swept environment. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1st edition, 329 pp.

Eckman, J.E., 1990. A model of passive settlement by planktonic larvae onto bottoms of differing roughness. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 35, pp. 887-901.

Eckman, J.E., W.B. Savidge & T.F. Gross, 1990. Relationship between duration of cyprid attachment and drag forces associated with detachment of Balanus amphitrite cyprids. Mar. Biol., Vol. 107, pp. 111-118.

Eckman, J.E., F.E. Werner & T.F. Gross, 1994. Modelling some effects of behavior on larval settlement in a turbulent boundary layer. Deep Sea Res. II, Vol. 41, pp. 185-208.

Forward, R.B., Jr., 1988. Diel vertical migration: Zooplankton photobiology and behavior. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev., Vol. 26, pp. 361-393.

Gaines, S.D., & M. Bertness. 1993. The dynamics of juvenile dispersal: why field ecologists must integrate. Ecology, Vol. 74, pp. 7430-7435.

Gaines, S.D. & J. Roughgarden, 1987. Fish in offshore kelp forests affect recruitment to intertidal barnacle populations. Science, Vol. 235, pp. 479-481.

Gross, T.F., F.E. Werner & J.E. Eckman, 1992. Numerical modelling of larval settlement in turbulent bottom boundary layers. J. Mar. Res., Vol. 50, pp. 611-642.

Hart, M.W. & R.R. Strathmann, 1995. Mechanisms and rates of suspension feeding. In, Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, edited by L. McEdward, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 193-222.

Jackson, J.B.C., 1983. Biological determinants of present and past sessile animal distributions. In, Biotic Interactions in Recent and Fossil Benthic Communities, edited by M.J.S. Tevesz & P.L. McCall, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, pp. 39-120.

Lefkovitch, L.P., 1965. The study of population growth in organisms grouped by stages. Biometrics, Vol. 21, pp. 1-18.

Levin, L.A., 1986. Effects of enrichment on reproduction in the opportunistic polychaete Streblospio benedicti (Webster): A mesocosm study. Biol. Bull., Vol. 171, pp. 143-160.

Levin, L.A., 1990. A review of methods for labeling and tracking marine invertebrate larvae. Ophelia, Vol. 32, pp. 115-144.

Levin, L.A. & E.L. Creed, 1986. Effect of temperature and food availability on reproductive responses of Streblospio benedicti (Polychaeta: Spionidae) with planktotrophic or lecithotrophic development. Mar. Biol., Vol. 92, pp. 103-113.

Levin, L.A., H. Caswell, K.D. DePatra & E.L. Creed, 1987. Demographic consequences of larval development mode: Planktotrophy vs. lecithotrophy in Streblospio benedicti. Ecology, Vol. 68(6), pp. 1877-1886.

Levin, L.A., D. Huggett, P. Myers, T. Bridges & J. Weaver, 1993. Rare-earth tagging methods for the study of larval dispersal by marine invertebrates. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 38, pp. 346-360.

Levitan, D.R., 1991. Influence of body size and population density on fertilization success and reproductive output in a free-spawning invertebrate. Biol. Bull., Vol. 181, pp. 261-268.

Levitan, D.R., 1995. The ecology of fertilization in free-spawning invertebrates. In, Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, edited by L. McEdward, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 123-156.

Long, C.E.,1981. A simple model for time-dependent, stably stratified turbulent boundary layers. University of Washington, Department of Oceanography, Special Report No. 95.

Lopez, G.R. & J.S. Levinton, 1987. Ecology of deposit-feeding animals in marine sediments. The Quarterly Review of Biology, Vol. 62, pp. 235-260.

McConnaughey, R.A., D.A. Armstrong, B.M. Hickey & D.R. Gunderson, 1992. Juvenile Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) recruitment variability and oceanic transport during the pelagic larval phase. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., Vol. 49, pp. 2028-2044.

Middleton, G.V. & J.B. Southard, 1984. Mechanics of sediment transport. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 2nd edition, 401 pp.

Mullineaux, L.S. & C.A. Butman, 1990. Recruitment of encrusting benthic invertebrates in boundary-layer flows: A deep-water experiment on Cross Seamount. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 35, pp. 409-423.

Mullineaux, L.S. & C.A. Butman, 1991. Initial contact, exploration and attachment of barnacle cyprids settling in flow. Mar. Biol., Vol. 110, pp. 93-103.

Mullineaux, L.S. & E.D. Garland, 1993. Larval recruitment in response to manipulated field flows. Mar. Biol., Vol. 116, pp. 667-683.

Ohman, M.D., 1990. The demographic benefits of diel vertical migration by zooplankton. Ecol. Monogr., Vol. 60, pp. 257-281.

Olson, R.R., 1985. The consequences of short-distance larval dispersal in a sessile marine invertebrate. Ecology, Vol. 66, pp. 30-39.

Olson, R.R. & M.H. Olson, 1989. Food limitation of planktotrophic marine invertebrate larvae: Does it control recruitment success? Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., Vol. 20, pp. 225-247.

Paine, R.T., 1980. Food webs: linkage, interaction strength and community infrastructure. J. Anim. Ecol., Vol. 49, pp. 667-685.

Pascual, M. & H. Caswell, 1991. The dynamics of a size-classified benthic population with reproductive subsidy. Theoretical Population Biology, Vol. 39, pp. 129-147.

Pawlik, J.R., 1986. Chemical induction of larval settlement and metamorphosis in the reef-building tube worm Phragmatopoma californica (Sabellariidae: Polychaeta). Mar. Biol., Vol. 91, pp. 59-68.

Pawlik, J.R., 1992. Chemical ecology of the settlement of benthic marine invertebrates. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev., Vol. 30, pp. 273-335.

Pawlik, J.R. & D.J. Faulkner, 1986. Specific free fatty acids induce larval settlement and metamorphosis of the reef-building tube worm Phragmatopoma californica (Fewkes). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 102, pp. 301-310.

Pennington, J.T., 1985. The ecology of fertilization of echinoid eggs: The consequence of sperm dilution, adult aggregation, and synchronous spawning. Biol. Bull., Vol. 169, pp. 417-430.

Peterson, C.H., 1979. Predation, competitive exclusion, and diversity in the soft-sediment benthic communities of estuaries and lagoons. In, Ecological Processes in Coastal and Marine Systems, edited by R.J. Livingston, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 233-264.

Pineda, J., 1991. Predictable upwelling and the shoreward transport of planktonic larvae by internal tidal bores. Science, Vol. 253, pp. 548-551.

Pineda, J., 1994. Spatial and temporal patterns in barnacle settlement rate along a southern California rocky shore. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Vol. 107, pp. 125-138.

Pond, S. & G.L. Pickard, 1983. Introductory Dynamical Oceanography. Pergamon Press, New York, 2nd edition, 329 pp.

Possingham, H.P. & J. Roughgarden, 1990. Spatial population dynamics of a marine organism with a complex life cycle. Ecology, Vol. 71, pp. 973-985.

Rittschof, D., E.S. Branscomb & J.D. Costlow, 1984. Settlement and behavior in relation to flow and surface in larval barnacles, Balanus amphitrite Darwin. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 82, pp. 131-146.

Roughgarden, J. & Y. Iwasa, 1986. Dynamics of a metapopulation with space-limited subpopulations. Theoretical Population Biology, Vol. 29, pp. 235-261.

Roughgarden, J., Y. Iwasa & C. Baxter, 1995. Demographic theory for an open marine population with space-limited recruitment. Ecology, Vol. 66, pp. 54-67.

Rumrill, S.S., 1990. Natural mortality of marine invertebrate larvae. Ophelia, Vol. 32, pp. 163-198.

Sanford, E., D. Bermudez, M. D. Bertness, & S.D. Gaines. 1994. Flow, food supply and acorn barnacle population dynamics. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. Vol. 104, pp. 49-62.

Shanks, A.L., 1986. Tidal periodicity in the daily settlement of intertidal barnacle larvae and an hypothesized mechanism for the cross-shelf transport of cyprids. Biol. Bull., Vol. 170, pp. 429-440.

Shanks, A.L. & W.G. Wright, 1987. Internal-wave-mediated shoreward transport of cyprids, megalopae, and gammarids and correlated longshore differences in the settling rate of intertidal barnacles. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol. 114, pp. 1-13.

Smith, G.D., 1985. Numerical solution of partial differential equations: finite difference methods. Clarendon Press, New York, 3rd edition, 337 pp.

Strub, P.T., P.M. Kosro & A. Huyer, 1991. The nature of the cold filaments in the California Current System. J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 96, pp. 14743-14768.

Sulkin, S.D., 1990. Larval orientation mechanisms: The power of controlled experiments. Ophelia, Vol. 32, pp. 49-62.

Tamburri, M.N., R.K. Zimmer-Faust & M.L. Tamplin, 1992. Natural sources and properties of chemical inducers mediating settlement of oyster larvae: A re-examination. Biol. Bull., Vol. 183, pp. 327-338.

Thorson, G., 1950. Reproductive and larval ecology of marine bottom invertebrates. Biol. Rev., Vol. 25, pp. 1-45.

Tremblay, M.J., J.W. Loder, F.E. Werner, C.E. Naimie, F.H. Page & M.M. Sinclair, 1994. Drift of sea scallop larvae Placopecten magellanicus on Georges Bank: A model study of the roles of mean advection, larval behavior and larval origin. Deep Sea Res. II, Vol. 41, pp. 7-49.

Walters, L.J., 1992. Field settlement locations on subtidal marine hard substrata: Is active larval exploration involved? Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 37, pp. 1101-1107.

Weinberg, J.R., H. Caswell & R.B. Whitlatch, 1986. Demographic importance of ecological interactions: how much do statistics tell us? Mar. Biol., Vol. 93, pp. 305-310.

Werner, F.E., F.H. Page, D.R. Lynch, J.W. Loder, R.G. Lough, R.I. Perry, D.A. Greenberg & M.M. Sinclair, 1993. Influences of mean advection and simple behavior on the distribution of cod and haddock early life stages on Georges Bank. Fish. Oceanogr., Vol. 2, pp. 43-64.

Wilson, W.H., 1991. Competition and predation in marine soft-sediment communities. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., Vol. 21, pp. 221-241.

Woodin, S.A., 1986. Settlement of infauna: larval choice? Bull. Mar. Sci., Vol. 39, pp. 401-407.

Woodin, S.A., 1991. Recruitment of infauna: Positive or negative cues? Amer. Zool., Vol. 31, pp. 797-807.

Woodin, S.A., R.L. Marinelli & D.E. Lincoln, 1993. Allelochemical inhibition of recruitment in a sedimentary assemblage. J. Chem. Ecol., Vol. 19, pp. 517-530.

Wroblewski, J.S., 1982. Interaction of currents and vertical migration in maintaining Calanus marshallae in the Oregon upwelling zone – a simulation. Deep-Sea Res., Vol. 29, pp. 665-686.

Young, C.M., 1986. Direct observations of swimming behavior in larvae of the colonial ascidian Ecteinascidia turbinata. Bull. Mar. Sci., Vol. 39, pp. 279-289.

Young, C.M., 1995. Behavior and locomotion during the dispersal phase of larval life. In, Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, edited by L. McEdward, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 249-278.

Young, C.M. & F.-S. Chia, 1987. Abundance and distribution of pelagic larvae as influenced by predation, behavior and hydrographic factors. In, Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates, edited by A.C. Giese, J.S. Pearse & V.B. Pearse, Blackwell Scientific, Palo Alto, California, pp. 385-463.

Yund, P.O., 1990. An in situ measurement of sperm dispersal in a colonial marine hydroid. J. Exp. Zool., Vol. 253, pp. 102-106.

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Metals and Effects on Invertebrates

Some Useful References contributed by Paul Klerks, University of Southwest Louisiana

Summary papers in the field:

Brown, B. E. 1982. The form and funtion of metal-containing “granules” in invertebrate tissues. Biol. Rev. Cam. Philos. Soc. 57: 621-667.

Bryan, G. W. 1979. Bioaccumulation of marine pollutants. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 286: 483-505.

Burton Jr., G. A. 1991. Assessing the utility of freshwater sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1585-1627.

Dallinger, R. and P. S. Rainbow (Eds.) 1993. Ecotoxicology of metals in invertebrates. Boca Raton, Lewis Publishers.

Eisler, R. 1981. Trace metal concentrations in marine organisms. Oxford, Pergamon Press.

Roesijadi, G. 1992. Metallothioneins in metal regulation and mortality in aquatic animals. Aquat. Toxicol. 22: 81-114.

Viarengo, A. 1989. Heavy metals in marine invertebrates: mechanisms of regulation and mortality at the cellular level, CRC Crit. Rev. Aquat. Sci. 1: 295.

Classic research papers in the field:

Bryan, G. W. and L. G. Hummerstone 1971. Adaptation of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor to sediments containing high concentrations of heavy metals. I. General observations and adaptation to copper. Journal. Marine Biological Association (United Kingdom) 51: 845-863.

Farrington, J. W., E. D. Goldberg, R. W. Risebrough, J. H. Martin and V. T. Bowen 1983. U.S. “Mussel Watch” 1976-1978: An overview of the trace-metal, DDE, PCB, hydrocarbon, and artificial radionuclide data. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17: 490-496.

Luoma, S. N. 1977. Detection of trace contaminant effects in aquatic ecosystems. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34: 436-439.

Nevo, E., R. Ben-Shlomo and B. Lavie 1984. Mercury selection of allozymes in marine organisms: Prediction and verification in nature. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 1258-1259.

Reish, D.J. 1959. An ecological study of pollution in Los Angeles – Long Beach Harbors, California. Occas. Pap. Allan Hancock Found. 22:1-119.

Sunda, W. G. and R. R. L. Guillard 1976. The relationship between cupric ion activity and the availability of copper to phytoplankton. J. Mar. Res. 34: 511-529.

Winner, R. W., M. W. Boesel and M. P. Farrell 1980. Insect community structure as an index of heavy-metal pollution in lotic ecosystems. Can J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37: 647-655.

Recent contributions:

Di Toro, D. M., J. D. Mahony, D. J. Hansen, K. J. Scott, M. B. Hicks, S. M. Mayr and M. S. Redmond 1990. Toxicity of cadmium sediments: The role of acid volatile sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9: 1487-1502.

Engel, D. W. and M. Brouwer 1987. Metal regulation and molting in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus: metallothionein function in metal metabolism. Biol. Bull. 173: 239-251.

Gibbs, P. E. and G. W. Bryan 1986. Reproductive failure in populations of the dog-whelk, Nucella lapillus, caused by imposex induced by tributylin from antifouling paints. Journal. Marine Biological Association (United Kingdom) 66: 767-777.

Huggett, R.J., R.A. Kimerle, P.M. Mehrle Jr., and H.L. Bergman (Eds.) 1989. Biomarkers. Biochemical, physiological, and histological markers of anthropogenic stress. Boca Raton, Lewis Publishers.

Karr, J. R. 1987. Biological monitoring and environmental assessment: a conceptual framework. Environ. Managem. 11: 249-256.

Newman, M.C. and A.W. McIntosh (Eds.). 1991. Metal ecotoxicology. Concepts and applications. Chelsea, Lewis Publishers.

Rainbow, P. S., D. J. H. Phillips and M. H. Depledge 1990. The significance of trace metal concentrations in marine invertebrates. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 21: 321-324.

Reinfelder, J. R. and N. S. Fisher 1991. The assimilation of elements ingested by marine copepods. Science 251: 794-796.

Schindler, D. W. 1987. Detecting ecosystem responses to anthropogenic stress. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44 (Suppl. 1): 6-25.

Warwick, W. F. 1991. Indexing deformities in ligulae and antennae of Procladius larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae): application to contaminant-stressed environments. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48: 1151-1166.

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Odor Detection and Flow

Some Useful References provided by Richard Zimmer, University of California at Los Angeles

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE (mostly insects):

Wright, R.H. 1958. The olfactory guidance of flying insects. Can. Entomol. 90: 81-89.

Bossert, W.H., and E.O. Wilson. 1963. The analysis of olfactory communication among animals. J. Theor. Biol. 5: 443-469.

Okubo, A. 1980. Diffusion of “smell” and “taste”: Chemical communication. Chapter 4 in A. Okubo Diffusion and Ecological Problems: Mathematical Models. Springer-Verlag, New York.

Murlis, J., and C.D. Jones. 1981. Fine-scale structure of odour plumes in relation to insect orientation to distant pheromone and other attractant sources. Physiol. Entomol. 6: 71-86.

Ingram, C.L., and R.R. Hessler. 1983. Distributional and behavioral patterns of scavenging amphipods from the central North Pacific. Deep Sea Res. 30: 683-706.

Zimmer-Faust, R.K., and J.F. Case. 1983. A proposed dual role of odor in foraging by the California spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus (Randall). Biol. Bull. 164: 341-353.

Elkinton, J.S., R.T. Carde, and C.J. Mason. 1984. Evaluation of time-average dispersion models for estimating pheromone concentration in a deciduous forest. J. Chem. Ecol. 10: 1081-1108.

Rowe, G.T., M. Sibuet, and A. Vangriesheim. 1986. Domains of occupation of abyssal scavengers inferred from baited cameras and traps on the Demerara abyssal plain. Deep Sea Res. 33: 501-522.

REVIEWS:

Nowell, A.R.M., and P.A. Jumars. 1984. Flow environments of aquatic benthos. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 15: 303-328. (This article is still amazingly timely!).

Nowell, A.R.M., and P.A. Jumars. 1987. Flumes: Theoretical and experimental considerations for simulation of benthic environments. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 25: 91-112.

Butman, C.A. 1987. Larval settlement of soft-sediment invertebrates: The spatial scales of pattern explained by active habitat selection and the emerging role of hydrodynamical processes. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 25: 113-165.

Denny, M.W. 1988. Biology and Mechanics of the Wave-Swept Environment. Princeton University Press, Prinseton, NJ.

Zimmer-Faust, R.K. 1989. The relationship between chemoreception and foraging behavior in crustaceans. Limnol. Oceanogr. 34: 1367-1374.

Westerburg, H. 1991. Properties of aquatic odour plumes, Pp. 45-65. In K. Doving [ed.], Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Olfaction and taste. Graphic Communication System, Oslo, Norway.

Pawlik, J.R. 1992. Chemical ecology of the settlement of benthic marine invertebrates. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 30: 273-335.

Murlis, J., J.S. Elkinton, and R.T. Carde. 1992. Odor plumes and how insects use them. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 37: 505-532.

RECENT (AND/OR RELEVANT) ARTICLES:

Jackson, G.A. 1987. Simulating chemosensory responses of marine microorganisms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 32: 1253-1266.

Sainte-Marie, B., and B.T. Hargrave. 1987. Estimation of scavenger abundance and distance of attraction to bait. Mar. Biol. 94: 431-443.

Himmelman, J.H. 1988. Movement of whelks (Buccinum undatum) towards a baited trap. Mar. Biol. 97: 521-531.

Zimmer-Faust, R.K., J.M. Stanfill, and S.B. Collard, III. 1988. A fast multi-channel fluorometer for investigating aquatic chemoreception and odor trails. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33: 1586-1595.

Jackson, G.A. 1989. Simulation of bacterial attraction and adhesion to falling particles. Limnol. Oceanogr. 34: 514-530.

Moore, P.A., G.A. Gerhardt, and J. Atema. 1989. High resolution spatio-temporal analysis of aquatic chemical signals using microelectrochemical electrodes. Chem. Senses 14: 829-840.

Moore, P.A., and J. Atema. 1991. Spatial information in the three-dimensional fine structure of an aquatic odor plume. Biol. Bull. 181: 408-418.

Atema, J., P.A. Moore, L.P. Madin, and G.A. Gerhardt. 1991. Subnose-I: Electrochemical tracking of odor plumes at 900 m beneath the ocean surface. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 74: 303-306.

Pawlik, J.R., C.A. Butman, and V.R. Starczak. 1991. Hydrodynamic facilitation of gregarious settlement of a reef-building tube worm. Science 251: 421-424.

Lapointe, V., and B. Sainte-Marie. 1992. Currents, predators, and the aggregation of the gastropod Buccinum undatum around bait. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 85: 245-257.

Gross, T.F., F.E. Werner, and J.E. Eckman. 1992. Numerical modeling of larval settlement in turbulent bottom boundary layers. J. Mar. Res. 50: 611-642.

Butman, C.A., and J.P. Grassle. 1992. Active habitat selection by Capitella sp. larvae: I. Two-choice experiments in still water and flume flow. J. Mar. Res. 50: 669-715.

Grassle, J.P., C.A. Butman, and S.W. Mills. 1992. Active habitat selection by Capitella sp. I larvae: II. Multiple choice experiments in still water and flume flows. J. Mar. Res. 50: 717-743.

Weissburg, M.J., and R.K. Zimmer-Faust. 1993. Life and death in moving fluids: Hydrodynamic effects on chemosensory-mediated predation. Ecology 74: 1428-1443.

Bowen, J.D., K.D. Stolzenbach, and S.W. Chisholm. 1993. Simulating bacterial clustering around phytoplankton cells in a turbulent ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 38: 36-51.

Pawlik, J.R., and C.A. Butman. 1993. Settlement of a marine tube worm as a function of current velocity: Interacting effects of hydrodynamics and behavior. Limnol. Oceanogr. 38: 1730-1740.

Vickers, N.J., and T.C. Baker. 1994. Reiterative responses to single strands of odor promote sustained upwind flight and odor source location by moths. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 91: 5756-5760.

Turner, E.J., R.K. Zimmer-Faust, M.A. Palmer, M. Luckenbach, and N.D. Pentcheff. 1994. Settlement of oyster (Crassostrea virginica) larvae: Effects of water flow and a water soluble chemical cue. Limnol. Oceanogr. 39: 1579-1593

Eckman, J.E., F.E. Werner, and T.F. Gross. 1994. Modeling some effects of behavior on larval settlement in a turbulent boundary layer. Deep Sea Res. 41: 185-208.

Mafra-Neto, A. and R.T. Carde. 1994. Fine-scale structure of pheromone plumes modulates upwind orientation of flying moths. Nature 369: 142-144.

Weissburg, M.J., and R.K. Zimmer-Faust. 1994. Odor plumes and how blue crabs use them in finding prey. J. Exp. Biol. 197: 349-375.

Zimmer-Faust, R.K., C.M. Finelli, N.D. Pentcheff, and D.S. Wethey. 1995. Odor plumes and animal navigation in turbulent water flow: A field study. Biol. Bull. 188: 111-116.

Dusenbury, D.B., and T.W. Snell. 1995. A critical body size for use of pheromones in mate location. J. Chem. Ecol. 21: 427-438.

Vickers, N.J., and T.C. Baker. 1996. Latencies of behavioral response to interception of sex pheromone and clean air influence flight tract shape in Heliothis virescens (F.) males. J. Comp. Physiol. A 178: 831-847.

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Marine Reserves and Protected Areas

Some Useful References compiled by Jeffrey S. Levinton.

Agardy, M.T. 1994. Advances in marine conservation: the role of marine protected areas. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 9: 267-270

Alcala, A.C. 1988. Effects of marine reserves on coral fish abundances and yields of Philippine coral reefs. Ambio 17 (3): 194-199

Carr, M.H. and D.C. Reed. 1993. Conceptual issues relevant to marine harvest refuges: examples from temperate reef fishes. Canad. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50: 2019-2028.

Davis, G.E. 1981. On the role of underwater parks and sanctuaries in the management of coastal resources in the southeastern United States. Env. Conserv. 8: 67-70.

Dugan, J.E. 1993. Applications of marine refugia to coastal fisheries management. Canad. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50: 2029-2042.

Frank, K.T. and W.C. Leggett. 1994. Fisheries ecology in the context of ecological and evolutionary theory. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25: 423-441.

Ludwig, D. Hilborn, R., and C. Walters. 1993. Uncertainty, resource exploitation, and conservation: lessons from history. Science 260: 17-36.

McNeill, S.E. 1994. The selection and design of marine protected areas: australia as a case study. Biodiversity and Conservation 3: 586-605.

Roberts, C.M. 1997. Ecological advice for the global fisheries crisis. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12: 35-38.

Rogers-Bennett, L., Bennett, W.A. H.C. Fastenau and C.M. Dewees 1995. Spatial variation in red sea urchin reproduction and morphology:implications for harvest refugia. Ecol. Applic. 5: 1171-1180.

Ruckelshaus, M.H. and C.G. Hayes. 1997. Conservation and management of species in the sea. In P. Fiedler and P. Kareiva, eds., Conservation Biology for the Coming Decade, Chapman and Hall.

Tegner, M.J. 1993. Southern California Abalones: Can stocks be rebuilt using marine harvest refugia? Canad. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50: 2010-2018.

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Ecology of Rocky Shores

Some Useful References compiled by Jeffrey Levinton, last revised 11/28.98

Books

Branch, M., and G. Branch, 1981, The Living Shores of South Africa: Capetown, C. Struik.

Carefoot, T., 1977, Pacific Seashores: Seattle, University of Washington.

Gosling, E., 1992, The Mussel Mytilus: Ecology, physiology, genetics, andculture: NewYork, Elsevier, 589 p.

Lewis, J. R., 1964, The Ecology of Rocky Shores: London, English University Press.

Little, C. and J.A. Kitching. 1996. The Biology of Rocky Shores. Oxford, Oxford University Press.

Moore, P. G., and R. Seed, 1985, The Ecology of Rocky Coasts: London, Hodder and Stoughton Press.

Stephenson, T. A., and A. Stephenson, 1972, Life Between Tidemards on Rocky Shores: San Francisco, W.H. Freeman.

Wertheim, A., 1984, The Intertidal Wilderness: San Francisco, Sierra Club.
Classic Papers

Connell, J. H., 1961a, Effects of competition, predation by Thais lapillus and other factors on natural populations of the barnacle Balanus balanoides: Ecol. Monogr., v. 31, p. 61-104.

Connell, J. H., 1961b, The influence of interspecific competition and other factors on the distribution of the barnacle Chthamalus stellatus: Ecology, v. 42, p. 710-23.

Dayton, P. K., 1971, Competition, disturbance and community organization: the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community: Ecol. Monogr., v. 41, p. 351-389.

Paine, R. T., 1966, Food web complexity and species diversity: Am. Nat., v. 100, p. 65-75.

Paine, R. T., 1974, Intertidal community structure. Experimental studies on the relationship between a dominant competitor and its principal predator: Oecologia, v. 15, p. 93-120.
Other Useful Papers

Alexander, S. E., and J. Roughgarden, 1996, Larval transport and population dynamics of intertidal barnacles: A coupled benthic/oceanic model.: Ecol. Monogr., v. 66, p. 259-275.

Barkai, A., and C. McQuaid, 1988, Predator-prey role reversal in a marine benthic ecosystem: Science, v. 242, p. 62-64.

Barry, J. P., C. H. Baxter, R. D. Sagarin, and S. E. Gilman, 1995, Climate-related, long-term faunal changes in a California rocky intertidal community.: Science, v. 267, p. 672-675.

Bertness, M. D., 1989, Intraspecific competition and facilitation in a northern acorn barnacle population: Ecology, v. 70, p. 257-268.

Carroll, M. L., and R. C. Highsmith, 1996, Role of catastrophic disturbance in mediating Nucella-Mytilus interactions in the Alaskan rocky intertidal.: Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., v. 138, p. 125-133.

Carter, A. R., and R. J. Anderson, 1991, Biological and physical factors controlling the spatial distribution of the intertidal alga Gelidium pristoides in the eastern Cape, South Africa: Journal of the MarineBiological Association of the United Kingdom, v. 71, p. 555-568.

Day, R. W., A. Barkai, and P. A. Wickens, 1991, Trapping of three drilling whelks by two species of mussel: J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 149, p. 109-122.

Dayton, P. K., 1975, Experimental evaluation of ecological dominance in a rocky intertidal algal community: Ecological Monographs, v. 45, p. 137-159.

Denny, M., 1995, Predicting physical disturbance: Mechanistic approaches to the study of survivorship on wave-swept shores.: Ecol. Monogr., v. 65, p. 371-418.

Hughes, R. N., and C. L. Griffiths, 1988, Self-thinning in barnacles and mussels: the geometry of packing: American Naturalist, v. 132, p. 484-491.

Levinton, J. S., and T. H. Suchanek, 1978, Geographic variation, niche breadth, and genetic differentiation at different geographic scales in the mussels Mytilus edulis and Mytilus californianus: Mar. Biol., v. 49, p. 363-375.

Lively, C. M., P. T. Raimondi, and L. F. Delph, 1993, Intertidal community structure: space-time interactions in the northern Gulf of California: Ecology, v. 74, p. 162-173.

Lubchenko, J., and B. A. Menge, 1978, Community development and persistence in a low rocky intertidal zone: Ecol. Monogr., v. 59, p. 67-94.

Marquet, P. A., S. A. Navarrete, and J. C. Castilla, 1990, Scaling populationdensity to body size in rocky intertidalcommunities: Science, v. 250, p. 1125-1127.

McGrorty, S., R. T. Clarke, C. J. Reading, and J. D. Goss-Custard, 1990, Population dynamics of the mussel Mytilus edulis: density changes and regulation of the population in the Exe estuary, Devon: Marine Ecology – Progress Series, v. 67, p. 157-169.

McGrorty, S., and J. D. Goss-Custard, 1991, Population dynamics of the mussel Mytilus edulis: spatial variation in age-class densities of an intertidal estuarine population along environmental gradients: Marine Ecology – Progress Series, v. 73, p. 191-202.

Menge, B. A., 1976, Organization of the New England rocky intertidal community: Role of predation, competition, and environmental heterogeneity: Ecol. Monogr., v. 46, p. 355-393.

Menge, B. A., 1978a, Predation intensity in a rocky intertidal community. Effect of an algal canopy, wave action, and desiccation on predator feeding rates: Oecologia, v. 34, p. 17-35.

Menge, B. A., 1978b, Predation intensity in a rocky intertidal community. Relation between predator foraging activity and environmental harshness.: Oecologia, v. 34, p. 1-16.

Menge, B. A., 1983, Components of predation intensity in the low zone of the New England rocky intertidal community: Oecologia, v. 58, p. 141-155.

Menge, B. A., 1991a, Generalizing from experiments: is predation strong or weak in the New England rocky intertidal?: Oecologia, v. 88, p. 1-8.

Menge, B. A., 1991b, Relative importance of recruitment and other causes ofvariation in rocky intertidal community structure: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 146, p. 69-100.

Menge, B. A., 1992, Community regulation: Under what conditions are bottom-upfactors important on rocky shores?: Ecology, v. 73, p. 755-765.

Menge, B. A., 1995, Indirect effects in marine rocky intertidal interactive webs: Patterns and importance: Ecol. Monogr., v. 65, p. 21-74.

Menge, B. A., E. L. Berlow, C. A. Blanchette, S. A. Navarette, and S. B. Yamada, 1994, The keystone species concept: Variation in interaction strength in a rocky intertidal habitat: Ecol. Monogr., v. 64, p. 249-286.

Menge, B. A., and T. M. Farrell, 1989, Community structure and interaction webs inshallow marine hard-bottom communities: tests of an environmental stress model: Advances in Ecological Research, v. 19, p. 189-262.

Menge, B. A., J. Lubchenco, S. D. Gaines, and L. R. Ashkenas, 1986, A test of the Menge-Sutherland model of community organization in a tropical rocky intertidalfood web: Oecologia, v. 71, p. 75-89.

Nicotri, M. E., 1977, Grazing effects of four marine intertidal herbivores on the microflora: Ecology, v. 58, p. 1020-1032.

Okamura, B., 1986, Group living an dthe effects of spatial position in aggregations of Mytilus edulis: Oecologia, v. 69, p. 341-347.

Paine, R. T., 1977, Controlled manipulations in the marine intertidal zone, and their contributions to ecological theory., The Changing Scenes in the Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences, p. 245-270.

Paine, R. T., 1988, Habitat suitability and local population persistence of thesea palm Postelsia palmaeformis: Ecology, v. 69, p. 1787-1794.

Paine, R. T., 1990, Benthic macroalgal competition: complications and consequences: Journal of Phycology, v. 26, p. 12-17.

Paine, R. T., and S. A. Levin, 1981, Intertidal landscapes: distribution and dynamics of pattern: Ecol. Monogr., v. 51, p. 145-178.

Paine, R. T., and T. H. Suchanek, 1983, Convergence of ecological processes between independently evolved competitive dominants: a tunicate-mussel comparison: Evolution, v. 37, p. 821-831.

Palmer, A. R., 1984, Prey selection by thaidid gastropods: some observationaland experimental field tests of foragingmodels: Oecologia, v. 62, p. 162-172.

Petraitis, P. S., 1987, Immobilization of the predatory gastropod, Nucella lapillus by its prey: Biol. Bull., v. 172, p. 307-314.

Petraitis, P. S., 1990, Direct and indirect effects of predation, herbivory and surface rugosity on mussel recruitment: Oecologia, v. 83, p. 405-413.

Pineda, J., 1994, Spatial and temporal patterns in barnacle settlement rate along a southern California rocky shore.: Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., v. 107, p. 125-138.

Robles, C., R.Sherwood-Stephens, and M. Alvarado, 1995, Responses of a key intertidal predator to varying recruitment of its prey: Ecology, v. 76, p. 565-579.

Robles, C., and J. Robb, 1993, Varied carnivore effects and the prevalence of intertidal algal turfs: J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 166, p. 65-91.

Robles, C., D. Sweetnam, and J. Eminike, 1990, Lobster predation on mussels: Shore-level differences in prey vulnerability and predator preference: Ecology, v. 71, p. 1564-1577.

Seed, R., 1969, The ecology of Mytilus edulis L. (Lamellibranchiata) on exposed rocky shores. II. Growth and mortality.: Oecologia, v. 3, p. 317-350.

Sousa, W. P., 1979a, Disturbance in marine intertidal boulder fields: The non-equilibrium maintenance of species diversity: Ecology, v. 60, p. 1225-1239.

Sousa, W. P., 1979b, Experimental investigations of disturbance and ecological succession in a rocky intertidal algal community: Ecol. Monogr., v. 49, p. 227-254.

Southward, A. J., 1964, The relationship between temperature and rhythmic cirral activity in some Cirripedia considered in connection with their geographical distribution: Helgolander wiss. Mereesunters., v. 10, p. 391-403.

Stephens, E. G., and M. D. Bertness, 1991, Mussel facilitation of barnacle survival in a sheltered bay habitat: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology andEcology, v. 145, p. 33-48.

Suchanek, T. H., 1978, The ecology of Mytilus edulis L. in exposed rocky intertidal communities.: J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 31, p. 105-120.

Suchanek, T. H., 1981, The role of disturbance in the evolution of life history strategies in the intertidal mussels Mytilus edulis and Mytilus californianus: Oecologia, v. 50, p. 143-152.

Suchanek, T. H., 1986, Mussels and their role in structuring rocky shore communities, in P. G. Moore, and R. Seed, eds., The Ecology of Rocky Coasts, New York, Columbia University Press, p. 70-96.

Svane, I., and M. Ompi, 1993, Patch dynamics in beds of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L.: effects of site, patch size, and position within a patch: Ophelia, v. 37, p. 187-202.

Tissot, B. N., 1988, Morphological variation along intertidal gradients in apopulation of black abalone {iHaliotis cracherodii} Leach: Journal ofExperimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 117, p. 71-90.

Underwood, A. J., and E. J. Denley, 1984, Paradigms, explanations, and generalizations in models for the structure of intertidal communities on rocky shores, in D. Simberloff, D. R. Strong, L. Abele, and A. R. Thistle, eds., Ecological Communities: Conceptual Issues and the Evidence, Princeton, Princeton Univ. Press.

Underwood, A. J., and P. G. Fairweather, 1989, Supply side ecology and benthicmarine assemblages: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 4, p. 16-20.

Underwood, A. J., and G. A. Skilleter, 1996, Effects of patch-size on the structure of assemblages in rock pools.: J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 197, p. 63-90.

Vadas, R. L., W. A. Wright, and S. L. Miller, 1990, Recruitment of Ascophyllum nodosum: Wave action as a source of mortality: Marine Ecology -Progress Series, v. 61, p. 263-272.

Yamada, S. B., and R. A. Mansour, 1987, Growth inhibition of native Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) by introduced L. littorea (L.).: J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 105, p. 187-196.

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The Ecology of Salt Marsh Plant Communities

Some Useful References provided by Mark Bertness, Brown University

Summary Paper in the field:

Adam, P. 1990. Salt Marsh Ecology. Cambridge Press 461 pp.

Nixon, S. 1980. Between coastal marshes and coastal waters – a review of twenty years of speculation and research on the role of salt marshes in estuary production. In: Estuaries and Wetland processes. Eds. P. Hamilton and K. MacDonald. pp. 437-525. Plenum Press. NY.

Bertness, M. D. 1992. The ecology of a New England salt marsh. American Scientist 80: 260-268.

Classic Research Papers in the Field.

Redfield, A. C. 1972. Development of a New England salt marsh. Ecological Monographs 42: 201-237.

Valiela, I and J. M. Teal. 1974. Nutrient limitation in salt marsh vegetation. In: Ecology of Halophytes. Eds. R. Reinold and W. H. Queen. pp. 547-563. Academic Press. NY.

Bertness, M. D. and A. M. Ellison. 1987. Determinants of pattern in a New England salt marsh. Ecological Monographs 57: 127-147.

Bertness, M. D. 1984. Ribbed mussels and Spartina alterniflora production in a New England salt marsh. Ecology 65: 1794-1807.

Teal, J. M. 1962. Energy flow in the salt marsh ecosystem of Georgia. Ecology 43: 614-624.

Recent Contributions.

Tidal Marshes of Long Island Sound

Pennings, S and R. Callaway. 1992. Salt marsh plant zonation: the relative importance of competition and physical factors. Ecology 73: 681-690.

Pennings, S and R. Callaway. 1996. Impact of a parasitic plant on the structure and dynamics of salt marsh vegetation. Ecology 77: 1410-1419.

Hacker, S. D. and M. D. Bertness. 1996. Trophic consequences of a positive plant interaction. American Naturalist 148: 559-576.

Howes, B. L., Dacey, J. W., and Goehringer, D. D. 1986. Factors controlling the growth forms of Spartina alterniflora: feedbacks between production, sediment oxidation, nitrogen and salinity. Journal of Ecology 74: 881-898.

Callaway, R. M. 1994. Facilitative and interfering effects of Arthrocnemum subterminale on winter annuals. Ecology 75: 681-686.

Bertness, M. D. and S. D. Hacker. 1994. Physical stress and positive associations among marsh plants. American Naturalist 144: 363-372.
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Seagrass Reproductive Ecology

Some Useful References contributed by Josef Ackerman, University of Northern British Columbia

Classic Books:

Arber, A. 1920. Water Plants, a Study of Aquatic Angiosperms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Reprinted 1972 by Verlag von J. Cramer, Lehre. 436 pp.

Den Hartog, C. 1970. The Seagrasses of the World. North Holland Publ., Amsterdam. 275 pp.

Sculthorpe, C.D. 1967 The Biology of Aquatic Vascular Plants Edward Arnold (London) 610 pp. (Reprint 1985 Koeltz Scientific Books D-6240 Konigstein/West Germany)

Tomlinson, P.B. 1982 Anatomy of the Monocotyledons VII Helobiae (Alismatidae) Oxford U. Press N.Y. 559 pp

Classic Papers:

Bowman, H.H.M. 1922 The Distribution and pollination of certain sea-grassesMichigan Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Papers 2: 310 + IV Plates

Cook, C.D.K. 1982 Pollination mechanisms in the Hydrocharitaceae pp 1-15, in Studies on Aquatic Vascular Plants edited by J.J. Symoens, S.S. Hooper and P. Compere Royal Society of Belgium, Brussels

De Cock, A.W.A.M. 1980 Flowering, pollination and fruiting in Zostera marina L. Aquatic Botany 9: 201-220

Opurt, Philip A. And Linda J. Boral 1964 The flowers, fruits and seeds of Thalassia testudinum Koenig Bulletin of Marine Science 14: 296-302

Pettitt, John, Ducker, Sophie and Knox, Bruce 1981 Submarine pollination Scientific American 244: 134-143

Svedelius, N. 1904. On the life history of Enalus acoroides (A contribution to the ecology of the hydrophilous plants). Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Peradeniya 2:267-297 + plates XXIV A and B. (Chap 3,6)

Recent Papers:

Ackerman, J.D. In Press. Submarine pollination in the marine angiosperm, Zostera marina: Part I. The influence of floral morphology on fluid flow. American Journal of Botany.

Ackerman, J.D. In Press. Submarine pollination in the marine angiosperm, Zostera marina: Part II. Pollen transport in flow fields and capture by stigmas. American Journal of Botany.

Ackerman, J.D. 1995. Convergence of filiform pollen morphologies in seagrasses: Functional mechanisms. Evolutionary Ecology 9:139-153.

Ackerman, J.D. 1993. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth in the marine angiosperm, Zostera marina L. Aquatic Botany 46:189-202.

Cox, P.A. 1988. Hydrophilous pollination. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst.19:261-280.

McConchie, C.A. and R.B. Knox. 1989. Pollination and reproductive biology of seagrasses. pp 74-111. In A.W.D. Larkum, A.J. McComb and S.A. Shepperd (eds). Biology of Seagrasses. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Orth, R.J., M. Luckenbach, and K.A. Moore. 1994. Seed dispersal in a marine macrophyte: Implications for colonization and restoration. Ecology 75:1927-1939.

Pettitt, J.M. 1984. Aspects of flowering and pollination in marine angiosperms. Oceangr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 22:315-342.

Ruckelshaus, M.H. 1995. Estimated of outcrossing rates and of inbreeding depression in a population of the marine angiosperm Zostera marina. Mar. Biol. 123: 583-593.

Verduin, J.J., D.I. WALKER, and J. KUO 1996. In situ submarine pollination in the seagrass Amphibolis antarctica: Research notes. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 133: 307-309.

Williams, S.L. 1995. Surfgrass (Phyllospadix torreyi) reproduction: reproductive phenology, resource allocation, and male rarity. Ecology 76: 1953-1970.

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Sexual Dimorphism and Sexual Selection in the Marine Environment

Some Useful References provided by Josepha Kurdziel, SUNY at Stony Brook

Summary Papers
(note: none available for only marine taxa, so these are more inclusive)

(1) Darwin, C. 1871. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. reprint of 1st ed., 1981, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, 475 pp.
(2) Andersson, M. 1994. Sexual Selection. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, 599 pp.
(3) Austad, S.N. 1984. A classification of alternative reproductive behaviors, and methods for field testing ESS models. American Zoologist 24:309-320.
(4) Shine, R. 1989. Ecological causes for the evolution of sexual dimorphism: a review of the evidence. Quarterly Review of Biology 64:419-461.
(5) Gross, M.R. 1996. Alternative reproductive strategies and tactics: diversity within sexes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 11:92-98.

Classic Research Papers on Marine Animals

Bass, A.H. 1992. Dimorphic male brains and alternative reproductive tactics in a vocalizing fish. Trends in Neuroscience 15:139-145.

Brantley, R.K. and Bass, A.H. 1994. Alternative male spawning tactics and acoustic signals in plainfin midshipman fish Porichthys notatus Girard (Teleostei, Batrachoididae). Ethology 96:213-232.

Gross, M.R. 1985. Disruptive selection for alternative life histories in salmon. Nature 313:47-48.

Gross, M.R. 1991. Salmon breeding behavior and life history evolution in changing environments. Ecology 72:1180-1186.

Jormalainen, V. and J. Tuomi. 1989. Sexual differences in habitat selection and activity of the color polymorphic isopod Idotea baltica. Animal Behaviour 38:576-585.

Knowlton, N. 1980. Sexual selection and dimorphism in two demes of a symbiotic, pair-bonding snapping shrimp. Evolution 34:161-173.

Shuster, S.M. 1989. Male alternative reproductive strategies in a marine isopod crustacean (Paracerceis sculpta): The use of genetic markers to measure differences in fertilization success among alpha, beta, and gamma-males. Evolution 43:1683-1698.

Shuster, S.M. and M.J. Wade. 1991. Equal mating success among male reproductive strategies in a marine isopod. Nature 350:608-610.

Recent Contributions on Marine Animals

Borowsky, B. 1985. Differences in reproductive behavior between two male morphs of the amphipod crustacean Jassa falcata Montagu. Physiological Zoology 58:497-502.

Clark, R.A. 1995. Alternative Reproductive Strategies of the Marine Amphipod Jassa marmorata: Why are some males all thumbs? M.S. Thesis, University of New Hampshire, 57 pp.

Magnhagen, C. 1994. Sneak or challenge: Alternative spawning tactics in non-territorial male common gobies. Animal Behaviour 47:1212-1215.

Stancyk, S.E. and G.S. Moreira. 1988. Inheritance of male dimorphism in Brazilian populations of Euterpina acutifrons (Dana) (Copepoda: Harpacticoida). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 120:125-144.

Wen, Y.H. 1993. Sexual dimorphism and mate choice in Hyalella azteca (Amphipoda). American Midland Naturalist 129:153-160.

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Toxic Algal BLooms and Their Effects on Shellfish

Some Useful References provided by Sandra Shumway, Southampton College, Long Island University

There is a series of books that contain papers presented at international conferences on toxic and harmful microalgae. They are excellent references and include:

LoCicero, V.R. (ed) Proceedings of the First International Conference on Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. Massachusetts Science and Technology Foundation, Wakefield, Massachusetts. 1975.

Taylor, D.L. and H.H. Seliger (eds) Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. Elsevier/North holland: NY. 1978.

Anderson, D.M., A.W. White and D.G. Baden (eds) Toxic Dinoflagellates. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Toxic Dinoflagellates. Elsevier: NY. 1985.

Granéli, E., Bo Sundström, L. Edler and D.M. Anderson (eds) Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Elsevier: NY 1990.

Smayda, T.J. and Y. Shimuzu (eds) Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Elsevier: Amsterdam. 1993.

Lassus, P., G. Arzul, E. E-Le Denn, P. Gentien, C. Marcaillou-LeBaut (eds) Harmful Marine Algal Blooms. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Lavoisier: Paris. 1995.

Cosper, E.M., V.M. Bricelj, and E.J. Carpenter (eds) Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impactas of Recurrent Brown Tides and other Unusual Blooms. Springer-Verlag: NY. 1989.

Okaichi, T., D.M. Anderson, and T. Nemoto (eds). Red Tides: Biology, Environmental Science and Toxicology. Elsevier: NY 1989.

Specific review papers dealing with the impact s of harmful algae on shellfish include:

Gainey, L.F. and S.E. Shumway. 1988. A compendium of the respoonses of bivalve molluscs to toxic dinoflagellates. J. Shellfish Researach 7: 6223-628.

Hallegraeff, G.M. 1993. A review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase. Phycologia 32: 79-99.

Maclean, J.L. 1993. Developing-dountry aquaculture and harmful algal blooms. p. 252-284. In R.S.V. Pullin, H. Rosenthal and J.L. Maclean (eds). Environment and aquaculture in developing countries. ICLARM COnf. Proc. 31, 359p.

Shumway, S.E. and T.L. Cucci. 1987. The effects of the toxic dinoflagellate Protogonyaulax tamarensis on the feeding and behaviour of bivalve molluscs. Aquatic Toxicology 10: 9-27.

Shumway, S.E. 1990. A review of the effects of algal blooms on shellfish and aquaculture. J. World Aquaculture Society 21(2): 65-104.

Shumway, S.E., J. Barter and S. Sherman-Caswell. 1990. Auditing the impact of toxic algal blooms on oysters. Environmental Auditor 2: 41-56.

Shumway, S.E. and A.D. Cembella. 1993. The impact of toxic algae on scallop culture and fisheries. Reviews in Fisheries Science 1: 121-150.

Shumway, S.E. 1995. Phycotoxin-related shellfish posoning: bivalve molluscs are not the only vectors. Reviews in Fisheries Science 3(1): 1-31.

van Egmond, H., T. Aune, P. Lassus, G.J.A. Speijers, and M. Waldock. 1993. Paralytic and diarrhoeic shellfish poisons: occurrence in Europe, toxicity, analysis and regulation. Journal of natural Toxins 2: 41-

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Marine Biomechanics

Some Useful References

Domenici, P., Seebacher, F. 2020. The impacts of climate change on the biomechanics of animals. Conservation Physiology 10.1093/conphys/coz102

Gilpin, W., Prakash, V. & Prakash, M. 2017. Vortex arrays and ciliary tangles underlie the feeding–swimming trade-off in starfish larvae. Nature Physics, v. 13, pp. 380–386. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3981

Kaji, T., A. Anker, C. S. Wirkner, and A. R. Palmer. 2018. Parallel saltational evolution of ultrafast movements in snapping shrimp claws. Current Biology, v. 28, pp. 106–113.e4.

Shadwick, R. E., and G. V. Lauder. 2006. Fish Biomechanics. London: Elsevier Academic Press.

von Herbing, I. H. 2002. Effects of temperature on larval fish swimming performance: The importance of physics to physiology. Journal of Fish Biology, v. 61, pp. 865–876.

 

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