References – Automated Anticoagulation Monitoring for ECMO

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[2]: Sarkar, M. and V. Prabhu, Basics of cardiopulmonary bypass. Indian J Anaesth, 2017. 61(9): p. 760-767.

[3]: Napp, L.C., C. Kuhn, and J. Bauersachs, ECMO in cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock. Herz, 2017. 42(1): p. 27-44.

[4]: Straub, A., [Blood Coagulation Disorders During ECMO and LVAD Therapy]. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther, 2019. 54(6): p. 402-412.

[5]: Hematology, A.S.o. Blood Clots. Available from: https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/blood-clots.

[6]: Doyle, A.J. and B.J. Hunt, Current Understanding of How Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenators Activate Haemostasis and Other Blood Components. Front Med (Lausanne), 2018. 5: p. 352.

[7]: Romano, T.G., et al., Extracorporeal respiratory support in adult patients. J Bras Pneumol, 2017. 43(1): p. 60-70.

[8]: Lequier, L., Horton, S. B., McMullan, D. M., & Bartlett, R. H. (2013). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuitry. Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies, 14(5 Suppl 1), S7–S12. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0b013e318292dd10

[9]: “What Is Venous Thromboembolism?” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 7 Feb. 2020, www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/dvt/facts.html.

[10]: White R. H. (2003). The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism. Circulation, 107(23 Suppl 1), I4–I8. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000078468.11849.66

[11] Noah MA, Peek GJ, Finney SJ, et al. Referral to an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Center and Mortality Among Patients With Severe 2009 Influenza A(H1N1). JAMA. 2011;306(15):1659–1668. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1471

[12]Sy, E., Anticoagulation practices and the prevalence of major bleeding, thromboembolic events, and mortality in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. . Journal of Critical Care, 2017: p. 87-96.

[13]Fletcher-Sandersjoo, A., et al., Predictors of intracranial hemorrhage in adult patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an observational cohort study. J Intensive Care, 2017. 5: p. 27.

[14]: Chlebowski, M.M., Baltagi, S., Carlson, M. et al. Clinical controversies in anticoagulation monitoring and antithrombin supplementation for ECMO. Crit Care 24, 19 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2726-9

[15]: Mulder, M. et al. “ECMO and anticoagulation : a comprehensive review.” (2018). https://nvic.nl/sites/nvic.nl/files/pdf/review_22.pdf

[16]: Colman, E., et al., Evaluation of a heparin monitoring protocol for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and review of the literature. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 2019. 11(8): p. 3325-3335.

[17] Panigada, M., et al., Thromboelastography-based anticoagulation management during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a safety and feasibility pilot study. Annals of intensive care, 2018. 8(1): p. 1-9.

[18] Cho, H.J., et al., Anticoagulation Therapy during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator Support in Pediatric Patients. Chonnam Med J, 2017. 53(2): p. 110-117.

[19] Nguyen, T., M. Musick, and J. Teruya, Anticoagulation monitoring during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: is anti-factor Xa assay (heparin level) a better test? Pediatric critical care medicine, 2014. 15(2): p. 178-179.

[20] Bolliger, D., M. Maurer, and K.A. Tanaka, Toward Optimal Anticoagulation Monitoring During Cardiopulmonary Bypass: It Is Still A Tough “ACT”. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia, 2020. 34(11): p. 2928-2930.

[21]: Extracorporeal Life Support Organization. “ELSO Anticoagulation Guideline.” (2014). https://www.elso.org/Portals/0/Files/elsoanticoagulationguideline8-2014-table-contents.pdf

[22]: Hathcock, J. J. (2006). “Flow effects on coagulation and thrombosis.” Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26(8): 1729-1737.

[23]: Mulder, M. et al. “ECMO and anticoagulation : a comprehensive review.” (2018). https://nvic.nl/sites/nvic.nl/files/pdf/review_22.pdf

[24]: Esper SA, Welsby IJ, Subramaniam K, Jet al. Adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an international survey of transfusion and anticoagulation techniques. Vox Sanguinis. 2017.

[25]: Balle, C.M., et al., Platelet Function During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adult Patients. Front Cardiovasc Med, 2019. 6: p. 114.

[26]: Craig S. Kitchens, B. M. A. a. C. M. K. (2007). Consultative Hemostasis and Thrombosis (Second Edition): Elsevier.

[27]: Kreimeier, U. (2000). Pathophysiology of fluid imbalance. Crit Care, 4 Suppl 2, S3-7. doi:10.1186/cc968

[28]: Colman, E., et al., Evaluation of a heparin monitoring protocol for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and review of the literature. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 2019. 11(8): p. 3325-3335

[29]: Pieri, M., Turla, O. G., Calabro, M. G., Ruggeri, L., Agracheva, N., Zangrillo, A., & Pappalardo, F. (2013). A new phosphorylcholine-coated polymethylpentene oxygenator for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a preliminary experience. Perfusion, 28(2), 132-137. doi:10.1177/0267659112469642

[30]: Marasco, S. F. (2008). Review of ECMO (extra corporeal membrane oxygenation) support in critically ill adult patients. Heart Lung Circ, S41-47.

[31]: Cannon, C. P., Dingemanse, J., Kleinbloesem, C. H., Jannett, T., Curry, K. M., & Valcke, C. P. (1999). Automated heparin-delivery system to control activated partial thromboplastin time: evaluation in normal volunteers. Circulation, 99(6), 751-756. doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.6.751

[32]: Sulkowski, J. P., Preston, T. J., Cooper, J. N., Duffy, V. L., Deans, K. J., Chicoine, L. G., & Minneci, P. C. (2014). Comparison of routine laboratory measures of heparin anticoagulation for neonates on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. J Extra Corpor Technol, 46(1), 69-76. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24779122

[33] Broman, L.M., Introducing the Loop for Circuit Access during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Feasibility and Safety. J Extra Corpor Technol, 2019: p. 175-178.

[34] McNinch, J., B. Searles, and E. Darling, Preserving ECMO Cannulae Patency. Extra Corpor Technol, 2018: p. 99-101.

[35] Murphy, D.A., et al., Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-hemostatic complications. Transfus Med Rev, 2015. 29(2): p. 90-101.

[36] Cornelissen, C.G., et al., Fibronectin coating of oxygenator membranes enhances endothelial cell attachment. Biomedical engineering online, 2013. 12(1): p. 7-7.

[37] Silvetti, S., A. Koster, and F. Pappalardo, Do we need heparin coating for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation? New concepts and controversial positions about coating surfaces of extracorporeal circuits. Artif Organs, 2015. 39(2): p. 176-9.

[38] Pappalardo, F., et al., Bioline® heparin-coated ECMO with bivalirudin anticoagulation in a patient with acute heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: the immune reaction appeared to continue unabated. Perfusion, 2009. 24(2): p. 135-137.

[39] Yu, K., et al., Clinical Evaluation of Two Different Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Systems: A Single Center Report. Artificial organs, 2011. 35(7): p. 733-737.